Present Perfect Simple
grammar
• have / has gone means that someone has gone somewhere and is still there.
Zayed has gone to the airport. (= He is still there.)
• have / has been means that someone has gone somewhere but has returned.
Zayed has been to Egypt. (= Now he’s back.)
We use the Present Perfect Simple:
• for actions which happened in the past, but
we don’t mention when exactly.
I have visited Rome twice.
• for actions which happened in the past but
their results are obvious in the present.
Ted has sprained his ankle so he can’t walk
very well.
Time Expressions
ever, never, before, always, so far,
once, twice, just, already, yet
Time Expressions
• ever: It is used in questions.
Have you ever visited Jordan?
• never: It is used in affirmative sentences, but with a negative meaning.
She's never seen a snake.
• already: It is used in affirmative sentences and questions. It is placed between have / has
and the past participle, or at the end of the sentence.
He has already bought a car. / He has bought a car already.
Has he already bought a car? / Has he bought a car already?
• yet: It is used in questions and negative sentences. It is placed at the end of the sentence.
She hasn't finished her homework yet.
Has she finished her homework yet?
A. Complete the table.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
take
been
did
gone
wore
eat
learnt/learned
made
get
decided
1. Can you believe it? Mark has / have bought
three caps for his holiday.
2. Lisa has saw / seen the dolphin show twice.
3. My brother isn’t here at the moment. He’s
been / gone to the park with his friends.
4. Have / Has you ever played volleyball?
5. John hasn’t finish / finished work yet.
6. I’ve / ’s broken my leg and now I can’t walk.
7. My parents have been / gone to Dubai twice.
B. Circle the correct words.
NOTE:
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F. Complete the dialogue with the Present Perfect Simple of the verbs in the box.
say buy think read not answer be want ask
Barry Hey, Hatim. Where are you going on
holiday this summer? (1) you
about it yet?
Hatim Yes, I have. I’m going to Morocco.
Barry Wow! You (2) always to
go to Morocco, right?
Hatim It’s my favourite country. I (3) a lot of
books about it but I (4) never
there.
Barry Who’s coming with you?
Hatim I (5) Mark and Turki, my two best
friends. Mark (6) already
yes, but Turki (7) yet.
He’s not sure.
Barry What about the tickets?
(8) you them yet?
Hatim No, not yet. Next week.
Barry Well, have a nice holiday!
E. Look at the pictures and the prompts and write questions and answers. Use the Present Perfect Simple.
2. Thomas and Kyle / win / science
competition / ?
No Maths competition
1. Roy / just / buy / new laptop/ ?
No camera
Has Roy just bought a new
laptop? No, he hasn’t. He has
just bought a new camera.
3. Peter and Mike / ever / travel /
helicopter / ?
Yes
4. Hasan / ever / ride / horse / ?
Yes
5. Brad / just / meet / famous chef / ?
No famous scientist
6. Bill / ever / try / rock climbing / ?
No windsur_ing
1. Charlie (travel) to Africa three times.
2. you ever (be) camping?
3. My sister (not taste) Chinese food
before.
4. Martha always (want) to
have a pet.
5. My cousins (not write) to us from Mexico
yet.
6. Julie (not decide) what to do yet.
7. I (invite) my friends to dinner.
C. Complete the blanks with the Present Perfect Simple of the
verbs in brackets.
1. Clara has already / yet had dinner.
2. Mike has never / ever been to England.
3. Have you sent an e-mail ever / before?
4. Julie has been to a French restaurant twice
just / so far.
5. Bruce has always / before wanted to become
a teacher.
6. My brother hasn’t read this book already /
yet.
7. Have you ever / once sprained your ankle?
D. Circle the correct words.
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G. Below is a list of exciting things John wants to do. What has he already done and what hasn’t he done yet?
Write sentences.
Exciting things to do
• try sailing
• taste Mexican food
• t r a v e l a r o u n d t h e M e d i t e r r a n e a n
• try surfing
• stay in the jungle for a week
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
John has already tried sailing.
Make a list of 5 activities you think are interesting or exciting. Then write sentences saying whether you have done these
activities or not.
I have been sailing but I haven’t tried scuba-diving.
Work in pairs. Imagine that you and your partner are going camping for the weekend. Before you leave, you must do
everything on the list below. Tick () three things that you have done, but don’t show your partner. Then take turns
to ask and answer questions about what each of you has done.
• find tent
• buy sleeping bag
• buy bottles of water
• make sandwiches
• take camera
• take a torch
• put everything in car
Have you found the tent yet?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
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It’s the coolest sport around. It’s like skateboarding on
water with a boat pulling you along! Richard Stevens,
16, has had this hobby for six months and he’s already
become one of the best wakeboarders!
1
Since last May. My friend Don talked to me about
wakeboarding a few months ago. When I tried it for
the first time, I loved it!
2
No, never. Wakeboarding isn’t really dangerous.
3
Because, I’ve always liked adventure and I love the
sea, too!
WAKEboard
a. Have you ever had an accident?
b. How long have you been a wakeboarder?
c. Why did you decide to take up wakeboarding?
UP!
Read the interview and complete it with the questions a-c.
Present Perfect Simple vs Past Simple
Present Perfect Simple (How long...?,
for, since)
grammar
• for actions that happened in the past, but
we don’t mention when exactly.
I have visited Africa.
• ago is always used with the Past Simple.
I went hiking two weeks ago.
• before is used with the Present Perfect Simple.
I’ve been hiking before.
Present Perfect Simple vs Past Simple
The Present Perfect Simple is used:
Time Expressions
ever, never, before, always, just, how
long, so far, since, for, already, yet
The Past Simple is used:
• for actions which happened at a
specific time in the past.
I visited Africa last summer.
Time Expressions
last week/month/year, ago,
yesterday, in 1990, etc.
a
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A. Use the prompts below to write sentences. Use the Present Perfect Simple and for or since, as in the example.
1. Mohammed / be / photographer / ten years
2. Michael / work / in / Germany / February
3. My sister / not eat / anything / 11 am
4. Wendy / know / about / event / days
5. I / not travel / abroad / two months
6. Linda / read / two History books / last Monday
7. Paul / not play / football / last month
8. We / not see / Kevin / yesterday
B. Circle the correct words.
1. I haven’t visited Laura for / since last week.
2. I bought some new clothes two weeks ago /
before.
3. Tim hasn’t tried surfing ago / before.
4. My parents have had this house for / since a long
time.
5. We haven’t been on holiday in / since 2003.
6. I saw Mr Harris an hour ago / before.
7. Harry and Sheila got married in / since 1999.
8. Tariq has wanted to become a doctor for / last
years.
Mohammed has been a photographer
for ten years.
ctivities
Present Perfect Simple (How long...?, for, since)
We use the Present Perfect Simple with for, since and how long…? for actions that started in
the past and continue up to the present.
A: How long have you been a secretary?
B: For five years. / Since 2001.
We use:
• How long...?: when asking about the duration of an action.
How long have you lived in London?
• for: to refer to the duration of an action.
I have lived in London for 6 months.
• since: to refer to the time when an action started.
I have lived in London since last April.
b
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1. A: How long have you lived / did you live in this
house?
B: Well, I have lived / lived here since 1990 but I
have bought / bought it in 1989.
2. I have travelled / travelled to Paris two years ago
but I haven’t been / wasn’t there since then.
3. Eric and Ali have tried / tried water skiing last May,
but they haven’t tried / tried sailing yet.
4. Mario has always wanted / always wanted to
explore a cave but he hasn’t done / didn’t do that
yet.
5. A: So, have you gone / did you go to Africa last
year?
B: Yes, it has been / was great.
A: Have you seen / Did you see any wild animals?
B: Of course. I have seen / saw lots of animals and
I really have liked / liked the zebras.
A: You’re lucky. I have never seen / never saw any
wild animals.
C. Circle the correct words.
1. You / ever / visit / Egypt / ?
Yes two years ago
D. Look at the pictures and the prompts. Write questions and answers using the Past Simple and the Present Perfect
Simple, as in the example.
2. Your brother / break / leg /
before / ?
Yes in 2006
3. Ann / ever / eat / Japanese
food / ?
Yes last week
4. Don and Steve / ever / try /
surfing / ?
Yes yesterday
5. Your brother / travel / by ship /
before / ?
Yes last Saturday
6. Kevin / ever / cook / ?
Yes three days ago
Have you ever visited Egypt?
Yes, I have. I visited Egypt two
years ago.
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E. Complete the dialogues with the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple of the verbs in brackets.
1. Nancy Hey, Kelly. Where (1) you (be)? I (2) (not see) you
around since June!
Kelly Well, a month ago my family and I (3) (go) to Italy and we (4)
(visit) my aunt Gabriella.
Nancy (5) you (have) a good time?
Kelly Yes, it (6) (be) great. We (7) (not spend) a lot of time by the sea
though because my mum (8) (want) to visit all the museums and art galleries. What
about you?
Nancy Actually, I’m going on holiday to Tenerife next week. I (9) (never / be) to the
Canary Islands before. My brother (10) (be) there twice and he says it’s wonderful.
Kelly Well, enjoy your holiday!
2. Liam Hey, Kevin. (11) you (hear) of the painter John Thatcher? There’s an
exhibition of his paintings at the end of the month.
Kevin Really? I (12) (not know) that! How (13) you (find out)?
Liam My brother (14) (tell) me last night. He (15) (hear) it on the radio
while he was driving to work.
Kevin I love his paintings. I (16) (want) to go to one of his exhibitions for years!
Liam Yeah, me too.
Kevin (17) you (buy) tickets yet?
Liam Well, my brother (18) (buy) two tickets this morning on the Internet, but don’t worry.
There are lots of tickets left.
Talk in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer questions about the ideas below.
How long have you lived in this town?
I’ve lived here for … / since…
live in this town / city
have a bike / computer / pet know your best friend
Write sentences about the ideas below. Say whether you have done them before and when.
I have visited the National Museum. I went there last summer.
I haven’t…
• visit / a museum, an art gallery, etc.
• travel / by train, plane, etc.
• try / horse riding, scuba-diving, etc.
• drink a milkshake, a lemonade, etc.
A. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect Simple of the verbs in brackets.
B. Choose a, b or c.
1. We have been to Italy before.
a. ever b. never c. since
2. Hatim has liked tennis.
a. always b. just c. ever
3. My father has worked as a teacher 1978.
a. since b. for c. in
4. Have you travelled by plane?
a. before b. so far c. ever
5. We haven’t seen you weeks.
a. since b. last c. for
6. Our team has won three games .
a. never b. so far c. since
C. Complete the sentences with have/has been or have/has gone.
1. A: Is Sultan there?
B: No, he isn’t. He to the new funfair. He’ll
be back in the evening.
A: Oh, I already there. It’s
fantastic!
2. A: Ali and Malik sent me this postcard from Abu Dhabi.
you ever there?
B: No. But are you sure they to Abu Dhabi?
I thought they were in Dubai.
3. A: Have you visited the new Mexican restaurant yet?
B: No, but my brother there. Let’s
ask him what it’s like. He went last week.
1. I (study) English for three years.
2. We (not see) this documentary before.
3. Dennis (already / have) dinner.
4. (you / read) the newspaper today?
5. Tariq (never / try) skiing.
6. My parents (always / want) to travel to Australia.
7. How long (you / know) John?
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F. Circle the correct words.
1. I haven’t been / didn’t go to this restaurant for years.
2. Last year the Jones have bought / bought a house by the beach which they didn’t use / haven’t used so far.
3. I have seen / saw Jeremy twice yesterday.
4. Where have you been / were you this morning? I called / have called you _ive times.
5. I never travelled / have never travelled abroad, but my father is away all the time. Now, for instance, he has been /
has gone to Mexico and won’t be back until next month.
6. Schools opened / have opened last month. Have you made / Did you make any new friends yet?
7. A: Where is Mike? I have thought / thought he was here.
B: He was / has been, but now he has gone / has been to the dentist.
8. I met Mark eight years before / ago and we are still best friends.
9. Have you eaten lunch yet / so far?
10. I don’t think I have ever / never seen anything like this before.
E. Complete with the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple of the verbs in brackets.
Lionel Holmes (1) (be) a writer for many
years now. He (2) (write) some of the most
popular books of all time. He (3) (write) his
first book when he (4) (be) 19 years old. It was
a children’s book and it (5) (make) him
well-known all over the world. But Lionel (6)
(not want) to write only children’s books. He
(7) (decide) to start travelling to have more
experiences. Since 1999 he (8) (travel) all
around Europe. He (9) (visit) lots of cities and
(10) (make) lots of new friends.
1. We / buy / our house / two years ago / .
2. your / brother / buy / tickets / the basketball game / yet / ?
3. Turki / go / bowling alley / last night / .
4. I / not see / him / before / .
D. Use the prompts to write sentences. Use the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple.
151
Look at the picture and read the dialogue.
Abdullah Oh, Mum, my tooth hurts again.
Mum Well, my dear, you don’t take good care of your teeth. First
of all, you should brush them twice a day. Also you should
visit a dentist every six months and you shouldn’t eat so
many sweets.
Abdullah But I love sweets, you know that.
Mum Yes, I do, but look at you now.
Abdullah Oh, mum! I think I should call Dr Al-Nasser.
Now, write T for True or F for False in the boxes.
The verb should
I/He/She/It/We/You/They should go
I/He/She/It/We/You/They shouldn’t go
Should I/he/she/it/we/you/they go?
Yes, I/he/she/it/we/you/they should.
No, I/he/she/it/we/you/they shouldn’t.
AFFIRMATIVE
NEGATIVE
QUESTIONS
SHORT ANSWERS
The verb should
We use should:
• to ask for or give advice.
A: I’ve got toothache. What should I do?
B: You should go to the dentist.
• to express an opinion.
I think you should ask your teacher.
• to make a suggestion.
We should go to the new café. They’ve got amazing hot chocolate.
1. Abdullah’s got toothache.
2. Abdullah doesn’t take care of his teeth.
3. Abdullah’s mum likes eating sweets.
4. Abdullah should go to the dentist.
The verb should
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B. Look at the prompts and write sentences, as in the example.
Use should or shouldn’t.
1. Tom has had earache for two weeks! He see a doctor.
2. If you’ve got a fever, you go to school. You stay in bed.
3. A: I need to lose weight. What I do?
B: Well, you go on a diet and you take up a sport.
4. A: I’m going to Paris this summer!
B: You definitely visit the Eiffel Tower.
5. Brian looks tired. He work so hard.
6. You lie to your parents or your friends.
7. People cut down trees. They plant more trees.
8. Speak nicely to the shop assistant. You be rude!
1. Albert has got a bad cough.
eat / ice cream
drink / some tea
A. Complete the blanks with should or shouldn’t.
2. Turki has broken his leg.
walk
stay / bed
3. Sophie isn’t doing well at school.
hang out / with friends / every day
study / harder
4. Ali’s clothes don’t fit him.
eat / lots of sweets
lose / weight
5. Brian can’t sleep very well at night.
drink / coffee
see / doctor
6. Peter has got a terrible headache.
play / computer games
go / bed early
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He shouldn’t eat ice cream.
He should drink some tea.
153
Imagine that you have received an e-mail from a friend who has got a problem. Below is part of your friend’s e-mail.
Read it and answer it, giving your friend advice. Use should or shouldn’t.
Dear ...
I think you should...
You shouldn’t...
Talk in pairs. Ask for and give advice. Use should or shouldn’t, the ideas below or some ideas of your own.
1. Dan looks very tired.
2. It’s a nice day.
3. Ted’s got the flu.
4. It’s very dark in here.
5. You shouldn’t take your car to the city centre.
6. You shouldn’t be late.
a. He should see a doctor.
b. You should try to be on time.
c. We should go for a walk.
d. He should lie down.
e. You should use public transport.
f. You should turn on the lights.
C. Match the two columns.
I’ve got a sore throat. What should I do?
You should see a doctor.
have got / bad cough
have got / sore throat
have got / a lot of homework
want / be in good shape argue / with best friend
I get terrible stomach aches and I think I’ve put
on some weight. I don’t understand why. I’ve been
very busy lately. I haven’t even got time to eat at
home. I just have sandwiches and soft drinks.
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Read the magazine page.
Too / Enough
• means “adequate” or “adequately”. It has a
positive meaning.
• is used after adjectives and adverbs, and before
nouns.
It’s warm enough today. I think I’ll go swimming.
You can’t be in the team. You don’t play well
enough.
I can’t buy these sandals. I haven’t got enough
money.
San dals made a huge
comeback this year. These
sandals will help you keep
cool at just €20 an d they are
comfortable enough to wear all
day long. Don’t yo u think?
If your T-shirts aren’t cool enough, draw a picture or write
something on them.
B
What style advice should each of these people follow? Write A, B or C in the boxes.
1. Karen: ‘My feet always get too hot in the summer.’
2. Billy: ‘I’d like to buy new shoes but everything’s too expensive!
3. Tracey: ‘I want my clothes to look cool!’ and
2 Wh a e . . . C
e i !
Too:
• means “more than necessary”. It has
a negative meaning.
• is used before adjectives and adverbs.
This coffee is too hot. I can’t drink it.
It’s too early. Don’t wake him up.
Enough:
S Ai
Module 3 (3c) Too – enough
rammar
a
H
A Do your old jeans look too
boring? Draw on them like
in the picture and you’ll be
really trendy!
155
A. Complete with too or enough.
1. This T-shirt doesn’t fit me any more. It’s tight.
2. I can’t see anything in here. It’s dark. Can you open the window?
3. I don’t usually go shopping. I haven’t got time.
4. These bags are heavy. Can you help me?
5. John isn’t fast . He won’t win the race.
6. We’re ready for Thursday. We’ve got food and drinks for everybody.
B. Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Write sentences using too or enough and the words given.
1. Rob can’t buy the camera.
(expensive)
It’s too expensive.
2. Jack can’t play basketball
well. (tall)
3. Sally can’t make a
chocolate cake. (chocolate)
4. Bill and Andy don’t like
this café. (crowded)
5. John needs to buy a new
laptop. (old)
6. Malik can’t go on holiday
abroad. (money)
C. Rewrite the sentences below. Use the adjectives in the box and too or enough.
old cold small easy
1. Ameen can’t stay with me because my flat isn’t big enough.
2. Bruce can’t drive a car! He’s too young.
3. Molly can’t do the exercise. It’s too difficult.
4. I want to wear a T-shirt but it isn’t hot enough.
Ameen can’t stay with me because my fl at is too small.
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156
D. Circle the correct word.
too / enough.
1. I don’t feel well because I haven’t had enough / too time to sleep.
2. He is enough / too young to drive a car, but too old / old enough to drive a motorbike.
3. This room isn’t big enough / enough big for two sofas.
4. The test was too difficult / difficult enough, so I didn’t finish on time.
5. This chicken is small enough / too small for the three of us. We should buy some more.
6. Today it’s too hot / enough hot to wear a jacket.
7. I need a new mobile phone. This one isn’t good enough / too good.
8. The boy isn’t too tall / tall enough to open the door.
E. Look at the pictures and write the sentences using the prompts below and
3. My dad / stop / using / his car / because / it / not be / fast
4. Sandy / not like / skirt / because / it / not be / long
2. Tony / like / shirt / but / it / be / small / for him
1. Mary / not buy / yellow / jumper / because it / not be / big
5. My trainers / not be / comfortable
6. Maria and Clara / not buy / pink mobile phones / because / they / be / expensive
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Which of the items below would you like to buy? Tick () the
appropriate boxes. Then talk in pairs. Which items have you
chosen? Why? Which items haven’t you chosen? Why not?
Which hat have you chosen?
The pink hat. I like it because it’s
trendy. I don’t like the red hat
because it’s too big.
Imagine that you have ordered some of the items of clothing above from the Internet, but you are not happy with
them. Write a letter to a friend saying what your problems are.
Dear ...
Hi! You won’t believe what happened. Last week I
ordered... but it isn’t ... enough / it is too....
I think I’ll send everything back and ask for my
money back!
Yours,
...
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Look at the picture and read the dialogue.
Jack How much time have we got before we have to leave,
Alan?
Alan Not much. The coach leaves in half an hour.
Jack Oh, no. There are a lot of people in this restaurant.
Where are we going to sit? We won’t have time to eat.
Alan Why did you order so much food?
Jack I’m really hungry and I love tuna sandwiches.
Alan Yes, but you ordered two tuna sandwiches and a
chicken salad. How are you going to eat all that in only
a few minutes?
Jack I’ll eat fast. Just watch me!
Now, write T for True or F for False in the boxes.
• We use How much…? + uncountable noun when we ask about quantity.
How much milk is there in the bottle?
• We use How many…? + plural countable noun to ask about the number of something.
Çow many students are there in the classroom?
• We use much + uncountable noun in questions and in negative sentences.
There isn’t much milk in the fridge.
• We use many + plural countable noun usually in questions and in negative sentences.
Are there many chairs in the room?
• We use a lot of / lots of + uncountable noun and plural countable noun, usually in
affirmative sentences.
They spend a lot of money on books.
She has got lots of problems.
• We use a little + uncountable noun in affirmative sentences (when there is a small but
adequate amount of something.)
There’s a little sugar in the bowl.
• We use a few + plural countable noun in affirmative sentences (when there is a small but
adequate number of something.)
There are a few pens on my desk.
How much...? - How many...? - Much - Many - A lot of - Lots of - A little - A few
We also use How much…? when we ask about the price of something.
How much are these jeans? 80?
NOTE:
1. Jack and Alan have got a lot of time.
2. There aren’t many people in the
restaurant.
3. Jack has got a lot of food.
4. Jack won’t eat it all.
Module (3d) How much...? _ How many...? _ Much – Many –
3 A lot of – Lots of – A little – A few
rammar
159
A. Complete with How much or How many.
1. parks are there in New York?
2. fried eggs do you want?
3. sugar do you take in your
coffee?
4. pictures are there in this book?
5. students are there in your class?
6. money do you need?
7. does this shirt cost?
8. orange juice is there in the
fridge?
9. hours do you sleep a day?
10. people were there at Salman’s
house?
B. Complete with a few or a little.
Joe Let’s make something to eat! I’m hungry.
Paul Yeah, me too! Let’s see what we’ve got. Well,
there is (1) cheese and
(2) eggs.
Joe Mmm! And there is (3) bread, too.
We can make sandwiches.
Paul Cool. Have we got anything to drink?
Joe Erm… there is (4) orange juice in the
fridge. You can have it. I don’t drink orange juice.
Paul There are (5) cans of lemonade, too.
You can drink some if you want.
Joe Great!
C. Complete with much, many or a lot of / lots of.
1. There aren’t
people in the café.
2. There’s
water in the fridge.
3. Jason hasn’t got
homework
for tomorrow.
4. There isn’t
sunlight in this room.
6. Lisa hasn’t got
skirts. Only
two.
5. There are
cars in the city centre.
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160
D. Choose a, b or c.
1. There aren’t books on my desk.
a. many b. much c. lots
2. He can buy anything. He’s got money.
a. many b. a few c. lots of
3. Come on! We haven’t got time. The skatepark closes in half an hour.
a. much b. few c. many
4. people take the bus to work.
a. Lots of b. Lot of c. Much
5. It’s September but there are still tourists on the island.
a. a little b. a few c. much
6. There is milk. I think it’s enough for the cake.
a. many b. a few c. a little
7. There are of beautiful flowers in my grandmother’s garden.
a. much b. a lot c. many
E. Write sentences about yourself using much, many, a lot of, a few, a little and the prompts, as in the example.
1. have got / posters / in / room
2. drink / water
3. invite / friends / to my house / Thursday
4. spend / money / when / go shopping
5. read / magazines / in / free time
6. spend / time / with / friends
I have got a lot of posters in my room.
I haven’t got many posters in my room.
F. Match the questions 1_5 with the responses a-e.
1. Have you got many red T-shirts? a. Just a few glasses.
2. How much pocket money do you get? b. Only three. I don’t work much.
3. How much is the camera? c. It’s cheap. Only €49.
4. How many days a week do you work? d. No, but I’ve got lots of blue ones.
5. How much water do you drink a day? e. €20 a week. Why are you asking?
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Work in pairs. Take turns to ask each other the questions in the quiz below using How much/How many, circle the
appropriate answers and add up your partner’s score. Then report to the class.
Use the ideas in the Speaking activity above and write about yourself and your spending habits.
How much money do you spend on clothes?
A lot of money.
More As?
You need to be more careful. You
spend too much money.
More Bs?
Good for you! You won’t have any
money problems.
More Cs?
You need to enjoy life more. Don’t
be afraid to spend a little money.
Results
money / you / spend / on clothes?
A. A lot of money.
B. A little money.
C. No money at all.
magazines / you / buy / every week?
A. Lots of magazines.
B. Only a few magazines.
C. I don’t buy any magazines.
books / you / buy ?
A. I buy lots of books.
B. I don’t buy many books.
C. I never buy books.
money / you / spend / when / you / go out?
A. Lots of money.
B. I don’t spend much money.
C. I never go out.
grammar
• have / has gone means that someone has gone somewhere and is still there.
Zayed has gone to the airport. (= He is still there.)
• have / has been means that someone has gone somewhere but has returned.
Zayed has been to Egypt. (= Now he’s back.)
We use the Present Perfect Simple:
• for actions which happened in the past, but
we don’t mention when exactly.
I have visited Rome twice.
• for actions which happened in the past but
their results are obvious in the present.
Ted has sprained his ankle so he can’t walk
very well.
Time Expressions
ever, never, before, always, so far,
once, twice, just, already, yet
Time Expressions
• ever: It is used in questions.
Have you ever visited Jordan?
• never: It is used in affirmative sentences, but with a negative meaning.
She's never seen a snake.
• already: It is used in affirmative sentences and questions. It is placed between have / has
and the past participle, or at the end of the sentence.
He has already bought a car. / He has bought a car already.
Has he already bought a car? / Has he bought a car already?
• yet: It is used in questions and negative sentences. It is placed at the end of the sentence.
She hasn't finished her homework yet.
Has she finished her homework yet?
A. Complete the table.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
take
been
did
gone
wore
eat
learnt/learned
made
get
decided
1. Can you believe it? Mark has / have bought
three caps for his holiday.
2. Lisa has saw / seen the dolphin show twice.
3. My brother isn’t here at the moment. He’s
been / gone to the park with his friends.
4. Have / Has you ever played volleyball?
5. John hasn’t finish / finished work yet.
6. I’ve / ’s broken my leg and now I can’t walk.
7. My parents have been / gone to Dubai twice.
B. Circle the correct words.
NOTE:
ctivities
143
F. Complete the dialogue with the Present Perfect Simple of the verbs in the box.
say buy think read not answer be want ask
Barry Hey, Hatim. Where are you going on
holiday this summer? (1) you
about it yet?
Hatim Yes, I have. I’m going to Morocco.
Barry Wow! You (2) always to
go to Morocco, right?
Hatim It’s my favourite country. I (3) a lot of
books about it but I (4) never
there.
Barry Who’s coming with you?
Hatim I (5) Mark and Turki, my two best
friends. Mark (6) already
yes, but Turki (7) yet.
He’s not sure.
Barry What about the tickets?
(8) you them yet?
Hatim No, not yet. Next week.
Barry Well, have a nice holiday!
E. Look at the pictures and the prompts and write questions and answers. Use the Present Perfect Simple.
2. Thomas and Kyle / win / science
competition / ?
No Maths competition
1. Roy / just / buy / new laptop/ ?
No camera
Has Roy just bought a new
laptop? No, he hasn’t. He has
just bought a new camera.
3. Peter and Mike / ever / travel /
helicopter / ?
Yes
4. Hasan / ever / ride / horse / ?
Yes
5. Brad / just / meet / famous chef / ?
No famous scientist
6. Bill / ever / try / rock climbing / ?
No windsur_ing
1. Charlie (travel) to Africa three times.
2. you ever (be) camping?
3. My sister (not taste) Chinese food
before.
4. Martha always (want) to
have a pet.
5. My cousins (not write) to us from Mexico
yet.
6. Julie (not decide) what to do yet.
7. I (invite) my friends to dinner.
C. Complete the blanks with the Present Perfect Simple of the
verbs in brackets.
1. Clara has already / yet had dinner.
2. Mike has never / ever been to England.
3. Have you sent an e-mail ever / before?
4. Julie has been to a French restaurant twice
just / so far.
5. Bruce has always / before wanted to become
a teacher.
6. My brother hasn’t read this book already /
yet.
7. Have you ever / once sprained your ankle?
D. Circle the correct words.
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G. Below is a list of exciting things John wants to do. What has he already done and what hasn’t he done yet?
Write sentences.
Exciting things to do
• try sailing
• taste Mexican food
• t r a v e l a r o u n d t h e M e d i t e r r a n e a n
• try surfing
• stay in the jungle for a week
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
John has already tried sailing.
Make a list of 5 activities you think are interesting or exciting. Then write sentences saying whether you have done these
activities or not.
I have been sailing but I haven’t tried scuba-diving.
Work in pairs. Imagine that you and your partner are going camping for the weekend. Before you leave, you must do
everything on the list below. Tick () three things that you have done, but don’t show your partner. Then take turns
to ask and answer questions about what each of you has done.
• find tent
• buy sleeping bag
• buy bottles of water
• make sandwiches
• take camera
• take a torch
• put everything in car
Have you found the tent yet?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
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It’s the coolest sport around. It’s like skateboarding on
water with a boat pulling you along! Richard Stevens,
16, has had this hobby for six months and he’s already
become one of the best wakeboarders!
1
Since last May. My friend Don talked to me about
wakeboarding a few months ago. When I tried it for
the first time, I loved it!
2
No, never. Wakeboarding isn’t really dangerous.
3
Because, I’ve always liked adventure and I love the
sea, too!
WAKEboard
a. Have you ever had an accident?
b. How long have you been a wakeboarder?
c. Why did you decide to take up wakeboarding?
UP!
Read the interview and complete it with the questions a-c.
Present Perfect Simple vs Past Simple
Present Perfect Simple (How long...?,
for, since)
grammar
• for actions that happened in the past, but
we don’t mention when exactly.
I have visited Africa.
• ago is always used with the Past Simple.
I went hiking two weeks ago.
• before is used with the Present Perfect Simple.
I’ve been hiking before.
Present Perfect Simple vs Past Simple
The Present Perfect Simple is used:
Time Expressions
ever, never, before, always, just, how
long, so far, since, for, already, yet
The Past Simple is used:
• for actions which happened at a
specific time in the past.
I visited Africa last summer.
Time Expressions
last week/month/year, ago,
yesterday, in 1990, etc.
a
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A. Use the prompts below to write sentences. Use the Present Perfect Simple and for or since, as in the example.
1. Mohammed / be / photographer / ten years
2. Michael / work / in / Germany / February
3. My sister / not eat / anything / 11 am
4. Wendy / know / about / event / days
5. I / not travel / abroad / two months
6. Linda / read / two History books / last Monday
7. Paul / not play / football / last month
8. We / not see / Kevin / yesterday
B. Circle the correct words.
1. I haven’t visited Laura for / since last week.
2. I bought some new clothes two weeks ago /
before.
3. Tim hasn’t tried surfing ago / before.
4. My parents have had this house for / since a long
time.
5. We haven’t been on holiday in / since 2003.
6. I saw Mr Harris an hour ago / before.
7. Harry and Sheila got married in / since 1999.
8. Tariq has wanted to become a doctor for / last
years.
Mohammed has been a photographer
for ten years.
ctivities
Present Perfect Simple (How long...?, for, since)
We use the Present Perfect Simple with for, since and how long…? for actions that started in
the past and continue up to the present.
A: How long have you been a secretary?
B: For five years. / Since 2001.
We use:
• How long...?: when asking about the duration of an action.
How long have you lived in London?
• for: to refer to the duration of an action.
I have lived in London for 6 months.
• since: to refer to the time when an action started.
I have lived in London since last April.
b
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1. A: How long have you lived / did you live in this
house?
B: Well, I have lived / lived here since 1990 but I
have bought / bought it in 1989.
2. I have travelled / travelled to Paris two years ago
but I haven’t been / wasn’t there since then.
3. Eric and Ali have tried / tried water skiing last May,
but they haven’t tried / tried sailing yet.
4. Mario has always wanted / always wanted to
explore a cave but he hasn’t done / didn’t do that
yet.
5. A: So, have you gone / did you go to Africa last
year?
B: Yes, it has been / was great.
A: Have you seen / Did you see any wild animals?
B: Of course. I have seen / saw lots of animals and
I really have liked / liked the zebras.
A: You’re lucky. I have never seen / never saw any
wild animals.
C. Circle the correct words.
1. You / ever / visit / Egypt / ?
Yes two years ago
D. Look at the pictures and the prompts. Write questions and answers using the Past Simple and the Present Perfect
Simple, as in the example.
2. Your brother / break / leg /
before / ?
Yes in 2006
3. Ann / ever / eat / Japanese
food / ?
Yes last week
4. Don and Steve / ever / try /
surfing / ?
Yes yesterday
5. Your brother / travel / by ship /
before / ?
Yes last Saturday
6. Kevin / ever / cook / ?
Yes three days ago
Have you ever visited Egypt?
Yes, I have. I visited Egypt two
years ago.
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E. Complete the dialogues with the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple of the verbs in brackets.
1. Nancy Hey, Kelly. Where (1) you (be)? I (2) (not see) you
around since June!
Kelly Well, a month ago my family and I (3) (go) to Italy and we (4)
(visit) my aunt Gabriella.
Nancy (5) you (have) a good time?
Kelly Yes, it (6) (be) great. We (7) (not spend) a lot of time by the sea
though because my mum (8) (want) to visit all the museums and art galleries. What
about you?
Nancy Actually, I’m going on holiday to Tenerife next week. I (9) (never / be) to the
Canary Islands before. My brother (10) (be) there twice and he says it’s wonderful.
Kelly Well, enjoy your holiday!
2. Liam Hey, Kevin. (11) you (hear) of the painter John Thatcher? There’s an
exhibition of his paintings at the end of the month.
Kevin Really? I (12) (not know) that! How (13) you (find out)?
Liam My brother (14) (tell) me last night. He (15) (hear) it on the radio
while he was driving to work.
Kevin I love his paintings. I (16) (want) to go to one of his exhibitions for years!
Liam Yeah, me too.
Kevin (17) you (buy) tickets yet?
Liam Well, my brother (18) (buy) two tickets this morning on the Internet, but don’t worry.
There are lots of tickets left.
Talk in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer questions about the ideas below.
How long have you lived in this town?
I’ve lived here for … / since…
live in this town / city
have a bike / computer / pet know your best friend
Write sentences about the ideas below. Say whether you have done them before and when.
I have visited the National Museum. I went there last summer.
I haven’t…
• visit / a museum, an art gallery, etc.
• travel / by train, plane, etc.
• try / horse riding, scuba-diving, etc.
• drink a milkshake, a lemonade, etc.
A. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect Simple of the verbs in brackets.
B. Choose a, b or c.
1. We have been to Italy before.
a. ever b. never c. since
2. Hatim has liked tennis.
a. always b. just c. ever
3. My father has worked as a teacher 1978.
a. since b. for c. in
4. Have you travelled by plane?
a. before b. so far c. ever
5. We haven’t seen you weeks.
a. since b. last c. for
6. Our team has won three games .
a. never b. so far c. since
C. Complete the sentences with have/has been or have/has gone.
1. A: Is Sultan there?
B: No, he isn’t. He to the new funfair. He’ll
be back in the evening.
A: Oh, I already there. It’s
fantastic!
2. A: Ali and Malik sent me this postcard from Abu Dhabi.
you ever there?
B: No. But are you sure they to Abu Dhabi?
I thought they were in Dubai.
3. A: Have you visited the new Mexican restaurant yet?
B: No, but my brother there. Let’s
ask him what it’s like. He went last week.
1. I (study) English for three years.
2. We (not see) this documentary before.
3. Dennis (already / have) dinner.
4. (you / read) the newspaper today?
5. Tariq (never / try) skiing.
6. My parents (always / want) to travel to Australia.
7. How long (you / know) John?
150
F. Circle the correct words.
1. I haven’t been / didn’t go to this restaurant for years.
2. Last year the Jones have bought / bought a house by the beach which they didn’t use / haven’t used so far.
3. I have seen / saw Jeremy twice yesterday.
4. Where have you been / were you this morning? I called / have called you _ive times.
5. I never travelled / have never travelled abroad, but my father is away all the time. Now, for instance, he has been /
has gone to Mexico and won’t be back until next month.
6. Schools opened / have opened last month. Have you made / Did you make any new friends yet?
7. A: Where is Mike? I have thought / thought he was here.
B: He was / has been, but now he has gone / has been to the dentist.
8. I met Mark eight years before / ago and we are still best friends.
9. Have you eaten lunch yet / so far?
10. I don’t think I have ever / never seen anything like this before.
E. Complete with the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple of the verbs in brackets.
Lionel Holmes (1) (be) a writer for many
years now. He (2) (write) some of the most
popular books of all time. He (3) (write) his
first book when he (4) (be) 19 years old. It was
a children’s book and it (5) (make) him
well-known all over the world. But Lionel (6)
(not want) to write only children’s books. He
(7) (decide) to start travelling to have more
experiences. Since 1999 he (8) (travel) all
around Europe. He (9) (visit) lots of cities and
(10) (make) lots of new friends.
1. We / buy / our house / two years ago / .
2. your / brother / buy / tickets / the basketball game / yet / ?
3. Turki / go / bowling alley / last night / .
4. I / not see / him / before / .
D. Use the prompts to write sentences. Use the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple.
151
Look at the picture and read the dialogue.
Abdullah Oh, Mum, my tooth hurts again.
Mum Well, my dear, you don’t take good care of your teeth. First
of all, you should brush them twice a day. Also you should
visit a dentist every six months and you shouldn’t eat so
many sweets.
Abdullah But I love sweets, you know that.
Mum Yes, I do, but look at you now.
Abdullah Oh, mum! I think I should call Dr Al-Nasser.
Now, write T for True or F for False in the boxes.
The verb should
I/He/She/It/We/You/They should go
I/He/She/It/We/You/They shouldn’t go
Should I/he/she/it/we/you/they go?
Yes, I/he/she/it/we/you/they should.
No, I/he/she/it/we/you/they shouldn’t.
AFFIRMATIVE
NEGATIVE
QUESTIONS
SHORT ANSWERS
The verb should
We use should:
• to ask for or give advice.
A: I’ve got toothache. What should I do?
B: You should go to the dentist.
• to express an opinion.
I think you should ask your teacher.
• to make a suggestion.
We should go to the new café. They’ve got amazing hot chocolate.
1. Abdullah’s got toothache.
2. Abdullah doesn’t take care of his teeth.
3. Abdullah’s mum likes eating sweets.
4. Abdullah should go to the dentist.
The verb should
152
B. Look at the prompts and write sentences, as in the example.
Use should or shouldn’t.
1. Tom has had earache for two weeks! He see a doctor.
2. If you’ve got a fever, you go to school. You stay in bed.
3. A: I need to lose weight. What I do?
B: Well, you go on a diet and you take up a sport.
4. A: I’m going to Paris this summer!
B: You definitely visit the Eiffel Tower.
5. Brian looks tired. He work so hard.
6. You lie to your parents or your friends.
7. People cut down trees. They plant more trees.
8. Speak nicely to the shop assistant. You be rude!
1. Albert has got a bad cough.
eat / ice cream
drink / some tea
A. Complete the blanks with should or shouldn’t.
2. Turki has broken his leg.
walk
stay / bed
3. Sophie isn’t doing well at school.
hang out / with friends / every day
study / harder
4. Ali’s clothes don’t fit him.
eat / lots of sweets
lose / weight
5. Brian can’t sleep very well at night.
drink / coffee
see / doctor
6. Peter has got a terrible headache.
play / computer games
go / bed early
ctivities
He shouldn’t eat ice cream.
He should drink some tea.
153
Imagine that you have received an e-mail from a friend who has got a problem. Below is part of your friend’s e-mail.
Read it and answer it, giving your friend advice. Use should or shouldn’t.
Dear ...
I think you should...
You shouldn’t...
Talk in pairs. Ask for and give advice. Use should or shouldn’t, the ideas below or some ideas of your own.
1. Dan looks very tired.
2. It’s a nice day.
3. Ted’s got the flu.
4. It’s very dark in here.
5. You shouldn’t take your car to the city centre.
6. You shouldn’t be late.
a. He should see a doctor.
b. You should try to be on time.
c. We should go for a walk.
d. He should lie down.
e. You should use public transport.
f. You should turn on the lights.
C. Match the two columns.
I’ve got a sore throat. What should I do?
You should see a doctor.
have got / bad cough
have got / sore throat
have got / a lot of homework
want / be in good shape argue / with best friend
I get terrible stomach aches and I think I’ve put
on some weight. I don’t understand why. I’ve been
very busy lately. I haven’t even got time to eat at
home. I just have sandwiches and soft drinks.
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154
Read the magazine page.
Too / Enough
• means “adequate” or “adequately”. It has a
positive meaning.
• is used after adjectives and adverbs, and before
nouns.
It’s warm enough today. I think I’ll go swimming.
You can’t be in the team. You don’t play well
enough.
I can’t buy these sandals. I haven’t got enough
money.
San dals made a huge
comeback this year. These
sandals will help you keep
cool at just €20 an d they are
comfortable enough to wear all
day long. Don’t yo u think?
If your T-shirts aren’t cool enough, draw a picture or write
something on them.
B
What style advice should each of these people follow? Write A, B or C in the boxes.
1. Karen: ‘My feet always get too hot in the summer.’
2. Billy: ‘I’d like to buy new shoes but everything’s too expensive!
3. Tracey: ‘I want my clothes to look cool!’ and
2 Wh a e . . . C
e i !
Too:
• means “more than necessary”. It has
a negative meaning.
• is used before adjectives and adverbs.
This coffee is too hot. I can’t drink it.
It’s too early. Don’t wake him up.
Enough:
S Ai
Module 3 (3c) Too – enough
rammar
a
H
A Do your old jeans look too
boring? Draw on them like
in the picture and you’ll be
really trendy!
155
A. Complete with too or enough.
1. This T-shirt doesn’t fit me any more. It’s tight.
2. I can’t see anything in here. It’s dark. Can you open the window?
3. I don’t usually go shopping. I haven’t got time.
4. These bags are heavy. Can you help me?
5. John isn’t fast . He won’t win the race.
6. We’re ready for Thursday. We’ve got food and drinks for everybody.
B. Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Write sentences using too or enough and the words given.
1. Rob can’t buy the camera.
(expensive)
It’s too expensive.
2. Jack can’t play basketball
well. (tall)
3. Sally can’t make a
chocolate cake. (chocolate)
4. Bill and Andy don’t like
this café. (crowded)
5. John needs to buy a new
laptop. (old)
6. Malik can’t go on holiday
abroad. (money)
C. Rewrite the sentences below. Use the adjectives in the box and too or enough.
old cold small easy
1. Ameen can’t stay with me because my flat isn’t big enough.
2. Bruce can’t drive a car! He’s too young.
3. Molly can’t do the exercise. It’s too difficult.
4. I want to wear a T-shirt but it isn’t hot enough.
Ameen can’t stay with me because my fl at is too small.
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156
D. Circle the correct word.
too / enough.
1. I don’t feel well because I haven’t had enough / too time to sleep.
2. He is enough / too young to drive a car, but too old / old enough to drive a motorbike.
3. This room isn’t big enough / enough big for two sofas.
4. The test was too difficult / difficult enough, so I didn’t finish on time.
5. This chicken is small enough / too small for the three of us. We should buy some more.
6. Today it’s too hot / enough hot to wear a jacket.
7. I need a new mobile phone. This one isn’t good enough / too good.
8. The boy isn’t too tall / tall enough to open the door.
E. Look at the pictures and write the sentences using the prompts below and
3. My dad / stop / using / his car / because / it / not be / fast
4. Sandy / not like / skirt / because / it / not be / long
2. Tony / like / shirt / but / it / be / small / for him
1. Mary / not buy / yellow / jumper / because it / not be / big
5. My trainers / not be / comfortable
6. Maria and Clara / not buy / pink mobile phones / because / they / be / expensive
157
Which of the items below would you like to buy? Tick () the
appropriate boxes. Then talk in pairs. Which items have you
chosen? Why? Which items haven’t you chosen? Why not?
Which hat have you chosen?
The pink hat. I like it because it’s
trendy. I don’t like the red hat
because it’s too big.
Imagine that you have ordered some of the items of clothing above from the Internet, but you are not happy with
them. Write a letter to a friend saying what your problems are.
Dear ...
Hi! You won’t believe what happened. Last week I
ordered... but it isn’t ... enough / it is too....
I think I’ll send everything back and ask for my
money back!
Yours,
...
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158
Look at the picture and read the dialogue.
Jack How much time have we got before we have to leave,
Alan?
Alan Not much. The coach leaves in half an hour.
Jack Oh, no. There are a lot of people in this restaurant.
Where are we going to sit? We won’t have time to eat.
Alan Why did you order so much food?
Jack I’m really hungry and I love tuna sandwiches.
Alan Yes, but you ordered two tuna sandwiches and a
chicken salad. How are you going to eat all that in only
a few minutes?
Jack I’ll eat fast. Just watch me!
Now, write T for True or F for False in the boxes.
• We use How much…? + uncountable noun when we ask about quantity.
How much milk is there in the bottle?
• We use How many…? + plural countable noun to ask about the number of something.
Çow many students are there in the classroom?
• We use much + uncountable noun in questions and in negative sentences.
There isn’t much milk in the fridge.
• We use many + plural countable noun usually in questions and in negative sentences.
Are there many chairs in the room?
• We use a lot of / lots of + uncountable noun and plural countable noun, usually in
affirmative sentences.
They spend a lot of money on books.
She has got lots of problems.
• We use a little + uncountable noun in affirmative sentences (when there is a small but
adequate amount of something.)
There’s a little sugar in the bowl.
• We use a few + plural countable noun in affirmative sentences (when there is a small but
adequate number of something.)
There are a few pens on my desk.
How much...? - How many...? - Much - Many - A lot of - Lots of - A little - A few
We also use How much…? when we ask about the price of something.
How much are these jeans? 80?
NOTE:
1. Jack and Alan have got a lot of time.
2. There aren’t many people in the
restaurant.
3. Jack has got a lot of food.
4. Jack won’t eat it all.
Module (3d) How much...? _ How many...? _ Much – Many –
3 A lot of – Lots of – A little – A few
rammar
159
A. Complete with How much or How many.
1. parks are there in New York?
2. fried eggs do you want?
3. sugar do you take in your
coffee?
4. pictures are there in this book?
5. students are there in your class?
6. money do you need?
7. does this shirt cost?
8. orange juice is there in the
fridge?
9. hours do you sleep a day?
10. people were there at Salman’s
house?
B. Complete with a few or a little.
Joe Let’s make something to eat! I’m hungry.
Paul Yeah, me too! Let’s see what we’ve got. Well,
there is (1) cheese and
(2) eggs.
Joe Mmm! And there is (3) bread, too.
We can make sandwiches.
Paul Cool. Have we got anything to drink?
Joe Erm… there is (4) orange juice in the
fridge. You can have it. I don’t drink orange juice.
Paul There are (5) cans of lemonade, too.
You can drink some if you want.
Joe Great!
C. Complete with much, many or a lot of / lots of.
1. There aren’t
people in the café.
2. There’s
water in the fridge.
3. Jason hasn’t got
homework
for tomorrow.
4. There isn’t
sunlight in this room.
6. Lisa hasn’t got
skirts. Only
two.
5. There are
cars in the city centre.
ctivities
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D. Choose a, b or c.
1. There aren’t books on my desk.
a. many b. much c. lots
2. He can buy anything. He’s got money.
a. many b. a few c. lots of
3. Come on! We haven’t got time. The skatepark closes in half an hour.
a. much b. few c. many
4. people take the bus to work.
a. Lots of b. Lot of c. Much
5. It’s September but there are still tourists on the island.
a. a little b. a few c. much
6. There is milk. I think it’s enough for the cake.
a. many b. a few c. a little
7. There are of beautiful flowers in my grandmother’s garden.
a. much b. a lot c. many
E. Write sentences about yourself using much, many, a lot of, a few, a little and the prompts, as in the example.
1. have got / posters / in / room
2. drink / water
3. invite / friends / to my house / Thursday
4. spend / money / when / go shopping
5. read / magazines / in / free time
6. spend / time / with / friends
I have got a lot of posters in my room.
I haven’t got many posters in my room.
F. Match the questions 1_5 with the responses a-e.
1. Have you got many red T-shirts? a. Just a few glasses.
2. How much pocket money do you get? b. Only three. I don’t work much.
3. How much is the camera? c. It’s cheap. Only €49.
4. How many days a week do you work? d. No, but I’ve got lots of blue ones.
5. How much water do you drink a day? e. €20 a week. Why are you asking?
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Work in pairs. Take turns to ask each other the questions in the quiz below using How much/How many, circle the
appropriate answers and add up your partner’s score. Then report to the class.
Use the ideas in the Speaking activity above and write about yourself and your spending habits.
How much money do you spend on clothes?
A lot of money.
More As?
You need to be more careful. You
spend too much money.
More Bs?
Good for you! You won’t have any
money problems.
More Cs?
You need to enjoy life more. Don’t
be afraid to spend a little money.
Results
money / you / spend / on clothes?
A. A lot of money.
B. A little money.
C. No money at all.
magazines / you / buy / every week?
A. Lots of magazines.
B. Only a few magazines.
C. I don’t buy any magazines.
books / you / buy ?
A. I buy lots of books.
B. I don’t buy many books.
C. I never buy books.
money / you / spend / when / you / go out?
A. Lots of money.
B. I don’t spend much money.
C. I never go out.
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