بحث معلومات عن النرويج بالانجليزي

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كتابة انشاء عبارات حكم اقوال تعبير بالانجليزي عن. تقرير جاهز سها بسيط قطعة معلومات بسطية نبذة

 شبه الجزيرة الإسكندنافية

  Norge   بحث عن النرويج بالانجليزي

norway population

معلومات عن النرويج

norway language

أوسلو النرويج نقاط الاهتمام النرويج (بالإنجليزيّة: Norway)

ما عاصمة النرويج  الشعب النرويجي

Norway, long form the Kingdom of Norway, is a country located in Northern Europe, west of the Scandinavian peninsula. It has common borders with Sweden, Finland and Russia. Its long Atlantic coast is home to many fjords. With 5 million inhabitants for 385,199 km2, including 307,860 km2 of land, Norway is after Iceland the least densely populated country in Europe. Its capital is Oslo, for the official language Norwegian (Bokmål and Nynorsk) and for currency the Norwegian Krone (NOK).

It exercises sovereignty over the Arctic Islands of the Svalbard Archipelago and Jan Mayen Island. Norway's sovereignty over Svalbard is based on the Svalbard Treaty, which does not apply to Jan Mayen Island. Bouvet Island in the South Atlantic, Peter Island I and Queen Maud Land in Antarctica are external dependencies but are not part of the Kingdom of Norway.

After the Second World War, Norway experienced a very rapid economic expansion, and today is one of the richest countries in the world, with a highly developed social policy. Part of the economic progress is due to the discovery and development of large reserves of oil and natural gas on its coast. For several decades, Norway has been ranked first on the human development index, and is also considered the most democratic country in the world with a democracy index of 9.8 in 2011. It has also been declared the most peaceful country of the world in 2007 by the Global Peace Index. She is a founding member of NATO.

GEOGRAPHY

Norway occupies the west side of the Scandinavian peninsula, in Northern Europe. The Norwegian coasts, more than 2,500 km long (mainland only) or 83,000 km (including the islands' coastline), are punctuated by fjords and a multitude of small islands (around 50,000 total). Norway borders the Atlantic Ocean along its entire length, along with three other bodies of water: the North Sea to the southwest, Skagerrak to the southeast, the Norwegian Sea to the west and the Barents Sea to the south. northeast. The country's land borders are 2,542 km long, most with Sweden, but also with Finland and Russia to the north.

The Norwegian climate is reasonably temperate, especially on the coast due to the warmth of the Gulf Stream and the rains brought by the westerly winds. This heat makes it possible Hurtigruten ships to sail every day of the year to Kirkenes, in Finnmark, while the waters of the Baltic Sea (much further south) are taken by the ice. Inland climate conditions, on the other hand, may be harsher, and the north has a subarctic climate. The Svalbard archipelago, on the other hand, has an Arctic tundra climate.

ECONOMY

The Norwegian economy is a thriving bastion of social capitalism, offering a combination of free markets and state intervention. The government, through large state-owned companies, controls some particularly strategic areas, such as part of the oil sector. But a wave of privatizations began in 2000, when the state sold one-third of Statoil, which it had previously controlled in its entirety.

The country and its Exclusive Economic Zone is full of natural resources (oil, hydroelectricity, fish, forests, minerals ...) and its prosperity is very dependent on the income generated by oil exploitation: the latter represented in 1999, with gas, 35 % of the country's exports. Only Saudi Arabia and Russia export more than Norway, which is not part of OPEC.

Economic growth, strong, reached 1.3% in 2016.

Norway's NRB in 2008 was US $ 455.95 billion, which for the same year had a per capita national income of US $ 95,624.

DEMOGRAPHY

Norway has about 5 million inhabitants, an increase of 1.3% per year. From an ethnic point of view, most Norwegians are of Germanic origin. A Saami minority inhabit the central and northern regions of the country, as well as Sweden, northern Finland and the Kola peninsula in Russia.

In recent years, immigration has accounted for more than half of the population growth. In 2006 Statistisk sentralbyrå, the government's statistical service, found that 45,800 immigrants arrived on Norwegian soil, 30% more than in 2005. At the beginning of 2009 there were 508,200 people of origin in Norway (immigrants and children of immigrants), or 10.6% of the population. In January 2009 there are 244,873 legal non-Western immigrants in Norway. The most represented nationalities among the population of immigrant origin are Poles, Pakistanis, Swedes, Iraqis, Somalis, Germans, Vietnamese and Danes. In recent years we have seen more immigrants from Central and Eastern Europe, of whom Poles are the most represented nationality in Norway, followed by Lithuanians. Oslo is the city with the highest percentage of inhabitants of immigrant origin, with 152,100, or 25% of its total population. According to the Norwegian Institute of Statistics, as of March 4, 2015, there were 669,380 immigrants in Norway and 135,583 Norwegians born to immigrant parents, a total of 804,963 immigrants or 15.6% of the population. Norwegian.

Norway fell below the population replacement level (2.1 children per woman) in 1975, but maintains one of the highest fertility rates in Europe (1.85 in 2012).