تعبير تقرير برجراف فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص
جاهز باللغة الانجليزي كتابة انشاء عبارات حكم اقوال تعبير بالانجليزي
عن. تقرير جاهز سهل بسيط قطعة معلومات بسيطة مبسط نبذة عن الاقتصاد السكان تعبير عن بلادي اسم كلمة معنى كيف تكتب مترجم رحلة
information about presentation معلومات عن جمهورية دولة حول تكاليف
المعيشه السياحة في للطلاب عرض ملخص مختصر
حول الحياة والعادات والتقاليد فى لمحة تعريفية
بالانجلش تلخيص قصير تحدث تقرير انجليزي عن اي دوله معلومات عن ارض الطواحين الهولندية دول البينيلوكس
كيف تكتب موضوع تعبير باللغة الانجليزية تعبير عن بلادي معلومات
عن هولندا بالانجليزي كلمة هولندا بالانجليزي اسم مساحة هولندا هولندا علم عملة اللغة الإنجليزية في هولندا أمستردام برزنتيشن
عن هولندا بالانجليزي مملكة الأراضي المنخفضة مساحة تقرير عن هولندا بالانجليزي عدد سكان هولندا تعبير عن هولندا بالانجليزي اسم عملة النقد في هولندا عاصمة
هولندا لاهاي
Introduction
The Dutch United Provinces declared their independence from Spain
in 1579. During the 17th century, they became an important maritime power with
a strong commercial power, and colonies all over the world. The most important
are the Dutch East Indies, present-day Indonesia which gained independence in
1949. After 20 years of French occupation, the Kingdom of the Netherlands was
established in 1815. Its first king was William of Orange-Nassau and the
kingdom then had two capitals: Amsterdam and Brussels. In 1830, Belgium
separated because some of the Catholic provinces in the south of the kingdom
withstood the reign of the Protestant William I and formed a separate kingdom.
The Netherlands remained neutral during World War I, but suffered from German
invasion and occupation during the Second World War. It is a modern
industrialized nation, it is also a large exporter of agricultural products.
The country was a founding member of NATO and the EEC and participated in the
introduction of the euro in 1999. In October 2010, the former Netherlands
Antilles were dissolved and the three smaller islands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius
and Saba) have become municipalities in the Dutch administrative structure. The
largest islands of Saint Martin and Curacao have joined the Netherlands and
Aruba as constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
The Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary
regime. The official languages of the country are Dutch and West Frisian is the
closest continental language to English and has official co-language status in
the province of Friesland. The ethnic groups present in 2008 are 80.7% Dutch,
2.4% Indonesian, 2.2% Turkish, 2% Surinamese, 2% Moroccan, 0.8% Caribbean. %,
and others for 4.8%. The currency used is the euro. The Human Development Index
of the Netherlands and 0.921 which places the country in 4th place in the
world. In July 2013, the population of the Netherlands was 16, 805, 037
inhabitants. Its capital and Amsterdam and the following major cities are
Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht.
Government and institutions are stable. The head of state is the
king. Since April 30, 2013 the King is Willem-Alexander after the abdication of
Queen Beatrix. The prime minister is usually appointed after his party or
coalition has won a majority in parliamentary elections. He is appointed by the
monarch. The council of ministers is also appointed by the monarch on the
recommendation of the Prime Minister. Currently, the Prime Minister is Mark
Rutte, since October 14, 2010. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom
and Democracy. The parliament, called Etats Généraux, has two chambers: the
first chamber, also called the upper chamber and the second called the lower
chamber.
The main political parties (lemoci):
CDA (Christian Democrat Call): Christian Democratic Party
CU (Christian Union): orthodox political party with ideas rather
center left
D66 (Democrats 66): liberal Democratic political party
Greens left: eco-socialist and anti-capitalist party
PvdA (Labor Party): Social Democrat Party
PVV (Freedom Party): right-wing party known for its strong
positions on immigration
SP (Socialist Party): Left party made up of what remains of the
Communist Party, extremely socialist
VVD (People's Party for Freedom and Democracy): center-right
party, liberal, for the next market selections: 1st chamber in May 2015
Socio-economic conditions
In 2012 :
Age structure:
0 - 14 years: 17.1% (men 1,468,364 / women 1,401,651)
15-24 years: 12.2% (men 1,041,181 / women 1,002,125)
25 - 54 years: 40.8% (men 3,436,713 / women 3,411,374)
55 - 64 years: 12 9% (men 1,083,095 / women 1,085,929)
65 years and over: 17.1% (men 1,284,788 / women 1,589,817)
Median age:
Total: 41.8 years
Men: 41 years old
Women: 42.6 years
Population growth rate:
0.44%
Birth-rate:
10.85 births per 1,000 population
Mortality rate:
8.48 deaths per 1,000 population
Urbanization:
Urban population: 83% of the total population (2010)
Urbanization rate: 0.8% annual (est. 2010-15)
Religion (2006):
Catholics: 30%
Protestants: 20%
Muslims: 5.8%
Other: 2.2%
Without religion: 42%
Life expectancy at birth:
Total: 81.01 years
Men: 78.93 years old
Women: 83.21 years old
Fertility rate:
1.78 children per woman
Literacy rate:
Total: 99%
Men: 99%
Women: 99%
School life expectancy:
Total: 17 years
Men: 17 years old
Women: 17 years old
Unemployment rate :
6.7% (August 2013)
Unemployment rate for youth aged 15 to 24:
Total: 7.7%
Men: 7.5%
Women: 7.8%
The Netherlands is facing an aging population that threatens the
solvency of pension funds. But unemployment remains relatively low by
international standards.
economic and financial:
The economic activity of the Netherlands is mainly based on
agro-food, chemistry, petroleum refining, electrical machinery and a highly
mechanized agricultural sector.
In 2012:
GDP per capita
32,900 euros (in purchasing
power parity)
GDP growth rate
-1.2% (forecast for 2013: -0.8% according to Eurostat, -1.25%
according to CPB)
The annual inflation rate
2.6% (0.9% in 2010)
The budget balance (in% of GDP)
-4.1% of GDP (CPB forecasts for 2013: -3.2%)
External debt (in% of GDP)
73.9% (August 2013)
The commercial balance
€ 40.27 billion
The stability of the exchange rate
€ 1 = $ 1.37
There is thus a monetary stability linked to this single currency
between the countries of the euro zone which limits the risks of foreign
exchange.
The economy of the
Netherlands is the 6th largest economy in the euro zone and is considered for
its stable industrial relations, moderate unemployment rate and inflation, a
large trade surplus and an important role as a European transport platform
(Rotterdam 1st European port). Industrial activity is predominant thanks to
agribusiness, chemicals, petroleum refining, and electrical machinery. Exports
are diversified. A highly mechanized agricultural sector employs only 2% of the
workforce but provides large surpluses for the agri-food industry and exports.
The Netherlands, with 11 of its European Union partners, started using the euro
on 1 January 2002. After 26 years of uninterrupted economic growth, the Dutch
economy - highly dependent on the international financial and trade sectors
international - suffered a 3.5% recession in 2009 due to the financial crisis.
The Dutch financial sector suffered, partly because of the large exposure of
some Dutch banks to US mortgage backed securities. In 2008, the government
nationalized two banks and injected billions of dollars of capital into other
financial institutions, to prevent further deterioration of this crucial
sector. The government also wanted to boost the domestic economy by
accelerating infrastructure programs, offering corporate tax cuts for employers
to retain workers, and increasing export credits. This stimulating program and
these bank bailouts, however, led to a budget deficit of 5.3% of GDP in 2010.
The government of Prime Minister Mark Rutte began to implement fiscal
consolidation measures in early 2011, mainly reductions in spending, which led
to an improvement in the fiscal deficit in 2011. In 2012, tax revenues
decreased by almost 9%, GDP fell and the budget deficit further deteriorated.
Unemployment remains relatively low by international standards. It is a very
open economy and dependent on the European situation. Household debt is
important.
geographical and environmental:
The climate is temperate and oceanic, the summers are cool and the
winters are mild.
Seismic and geological risks:
There are significant risks of flooding as large parts of the country
are below sea level, there are many rivers and the climate is changing. So the
sea level rises and the rains are frequent and more important.
The flood of the night from
January 31 to February 1, 2003 remains in the memories. It occurred in the
south-west of the Netherlands, caused by strong winds that raised the sea level
exceptionally. The consequences were more than 1800 deaths, thousands of
hectares of flooded land, many damaged buildings. As a result of this flood,
the construction of a reinforced dike network was undertaken.
Health and epidemic risks:
Pollution of water by heavy metals, organic compounds and
fertilizers such as nitrates and phosphates. Air pollution by vehicles and
refining activities.
Technology and innovation:
In the latest report of the World Economic Forum on
"Information Technology" in 2013, the Netherlands ranks fourth out of
144 countries, just behind Finland, Singapore and Sweden.
The Netherlands is one of the pioneer countries of the OECD in
terms of knowledge creation. They have one of the highest patent intensities of
any OECD economy.
In 2008, gross domestic expenditure on R & D was 1.8% of GDP,
ie in the OECD average. Investment in R & D is increasingly focused on
information and communications technologies. The Netherlands also invests
heavily in regenerative medicine.
Media and cultural recognition:
The Netherlands is known for its cheeses, beer, mills, canals,
hooves, bicycles and tulip fields.
Regarding art, the Netherlands are best known for their painters.
We find, among the best known, Vermeer, Rubens, Rembrandt and Van Gogh. The
golden age of Dutch painting began in the 15th century and continued until the
17th century. We speak of Flemish school. One of the characteristics of this
period is the chiaroscuro, especially observed at Rembrandt.
The Dutch royal family is also a symbol of the country. The
Kingdom of the Netherlands was founded in 1815 by Willem 1st who belonged to
the house of Orange-Nassau. His motto is a sentence in French: "Je
Maintentiendrai". The monarch has only limited power in Holland, he does
not pronounce on political affairs.
Vectors of influences (cinema, media, diasporas ...):
The Rotterdam International Film Festival is one of the most
popular in Europe. The Amsterdam International Documentary Film Festival is
considered the most important documentary film festival in the world.
Rotterdam, which is the leading European port, helps to extend the
influence of the Netherlands, as well as the colonies formerly owned by the
Netherlands.
Conclusion:
S W
Port of Rotterdam
-Unemployment remains low by international standards
Founding member of NATO and the EEC
- The Hague: "International Capital of Law" - Population
Aging
-Strongly dependent on international financial sectors and
international trade
O T
-International organisations
-Organization of international symposia
-Tourism -Climate Warming => Floods
-Crisis economic and financial
The Netherlands is not only known for mills and tulips, they also
enjoy international influence through trade and especially maritime trade. The
port of Rotterdam is also the first European port. They are active members of
the European Union and many international organizations. The Hague is nicknamed
the "International Capital of Law".
The other side of the coin is that they are highly dependent on
international financial sectors, and are thus greatly affected in the event of
an economic and financial crisis. Like most developed countries, they have to
deal with the aging of the population, which threatens the solvency of pension
funds. Large parts of the country are below sea level and are thus exposed to
floods which are likely to worsen due to global warming.
Post a Comment