تعبير عن اليابان بالانجليزي مترجم

تعبير عن اليابان بالانجليزي مترجم

تعبير عن طوكيو بالانجليزي

معلومات عن حضارة اليابان بالانجليزي

تقرير قصير عن اليابان

موضوع بالانجليزي عن دولة الصين

presentation about japan

عادات وتقاليد اليابان بالانجليزي

information about japan

معلومات عن اليابان للاطفال

نتائج البحث

..×.. تقـــرير عن دولة اليابان

معلومات عامة عن اليابان

 برزنتيشن عن اليابان بالانجليزي مترجم

بحث عن مدينة طوكيو باللغة الانجليزية

موضوع عن اليابان بالانجليزي

معلومات عن حضارة اليابان بالانجليزي

تقرير قصير عن اليابان

موضوع بالانجليزي عن دولة الصين

presentation about japan

عادات وتقاليد اليابان بالانجليزي

information about japan

 presentation about japan

presentation about japan powerpoint

معلومات عن اليابان

اليابان الوجهات

اليابان يوتيوب

general information about japan

japan flag

japanese culture

japanese food

عادات وتقاليد اليابان بالانجليزي

عادات سيئة في اليابان

معلومات عن ثقافة اليابان

عادات وتقاليد اليابان في الزواج

عادات وتقاليد اليابان في اللبس

عادات وتقاليد كوريا

الاكل في اليابان

حياة اليابانيين اليومية

الشعب الياباني ويكيبيد

Japan is an island country of East Asia. Located between the Pacific Ocean the Japan, east China, Korea and Russia, and north of Taiwan. Etymologically,

Since 1945 Japan has been an archipelago of 6,852 islands of more than 100 square meters, the four largest of which are Hokkaidō, Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū accounting for 95% of the land area of the country. The archipelago stretches over three thousand kilometers. Most of the islands are mountainous, sometimes volcanic; for example, Japan's highest peak, Mount Fuji (3,776 m), is a volcano (inactive since 1707). Japan is the tenth most populous country in the world, with about 127 million inhabitants for 377,488 km2 (337 inhabitants / km2), most of which is concentrated on the narrow coastal plains. Greater Tokyo, which includes the capital Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world with more than 35 million inhabitants. The city was the world's largest financial center in 1990.

Archaeological research shows that Japan was populated from the Upper Paleolithic period. The earliest written mentions of Japan are brief appearances in texts from Chinese history of the first century. The history of Japan is characterized by periods of great influence in the outside world followed by long periods of isolation. Since the adoption of its constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament, the Diet.

Japan is the third largest economy in the world for nominal GDP and the fourth largest for GDP at purchasing power parity. It is also the fourth largest exporter and sixth largest importer in the world. A major player in international trade and saving power, it has accumulated a net creditor position vis-à-vis the rest of the world of more than 325 trillion yen3, placing it first in front of China4. It is a developed country with a very high standard of living (seventeenth highest HDI) and the longest life expectancy in the world (according to UN estimates). But this idyllic picture must not mask important problems that weigh on the future of the country: Japan suffers from one of the lowest birth rates in the world, far below the threshold of renewal of the generations6. The country is currently in a demographic decline7. It is also the country for which the gross public debt burden is the largest in the world8, the latter in 2013 to 250% of GDP

Economy

Japan is named the third largest economy in the world with US $ 5.867 billion (current US) of GDP, according to World Bank figures for 2011.52 It is behind the United States and China but ahead of India and the Germany52.

The huge groups (Toyota, Fujitsu, Nissan, Honda, Mitsubishi, Canon, Panasonic, Sony, Akai, Sharp, Nintendo, etc.) built on this modest surface place Japan among the world's leading industrial nations , electronics, second place for shipbuilding (freighters, container ships, oil tankers ...). It is also a highly diversified and competitive service economy, particularly effective in high-tech sectors.

After the Second World War, during which the country suffered heavy human and material losses, Japan progressed at an extraordinary pace until it became the second largest economy in the world. This is what has been called the Japanese economic miracle (1950-1960). The 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo played an accelerating role in this strong growth. This progress is mainly attributable to the initial presence of significant human capital, cooperation between the government (MITI and METI) and enterprises, to a production oriented towards foreign markets (large exports to Asia, America), strong labor ethics, mastery of advanced technology through research, and relative weakness in military spending (1% of gross domestic product).

The economic organization of Japan has some specific features:

• close links between manufacturers, subcontractors and distributors in groups called keiretsu;

• powerful corporate unions, with little conflict and a culture of dialogue, an annual shunt mouvement movement of wage claims in the spring;

• Strong investment in research and development.

Until recently, a large share of industry employees had a lifetime job guarantee, but since the Japanese speculative bubble burst, layoffs and especially the closure of many subcontractors have skinned this myth. The crisis has led to an increase in unemployment (more than 5% in the early 2000s but falling below 4% in 2008) and poverty, with the increasing number of homeless and precarious workers.

Industry, the dominant sector of the economy (with 39% of the gross domestic product, compared to 25% in the United States and 33% of the working population, compared with 25% in France), is heavily dependent on imports of raw materials and energy. Indeed, the Japanese territory provides only 3 or 4% of the natural resources needed by the country. The agricultural sector, much less, is heavily subsidized, for political and social reasons. Yields are among the highest in the world. However, food self-sufficiency limits to 40%. Japan is mostly self-sufficient in rice, importing half of its consumption from other cereals: the country was the world's leading cereal importing country in the mid-2010s. Japan is the world's second largest copper exporter in the mid-1990s 2010, behind Chile, world leader.

The Japanese fishing fleet is one of the largest in the world and accounts for almost 15% of the total catch. The merchant navy has 3,991 vessels for 223,815 million deadweight tons, of which 206,598 million are foreign-flagged vessels (as of 1 January 2013), placing it second in the list of maritime nations (behind Greece) and accounting for a significant share (13.87%) of the world total tonnage54. It should be noted that 71.00% of the total Japanese tonnage is registered in Panama (flag of convenience) 54.

Science and technology

Japan, considered one of the most advanced countries in the world, is a driving force in scientific research, particularly electronics, machine tools and medical research. Nearly 700,000 researchers share a budget of US $ 130 billion allocated to research and development, the third largest in the world. For example, some of Japan's most important contributions to technology are in the fields of electronics, automotive, machinery, earthquake engineering, industrial robotics, optics, chemistry, semiconductors and metals. Japan is the undisputed leader in the production and use of robotics, and has more than half (402,200 out of 742,500) of industrial robots used for construction worldwide Japanese companies are the originators of the robots Qrio, ASIMO and Aibo. Japan is the world's largest car producer66 and includes six of the world's fifteen largest automotive companies, and seven of the top 20 semiconductor manufacturers in 2007.