LISTENING SPEAKING
1. PRE-LISTENING
You are going to hear a radio programme about a
foreign language learning convention. You will hear
the programme in several parts. After each part you
will hear some questions. For each question choose
the correct answer. Listen to the introduction and note
the example question below.
2. LISTENING FOR SPECIFIC INFORMATION
Example
a. at a radio studio
b. at a foreign language school
c. at a convention hall
The correct answer is c.
7. a. at your doorstep
b. at your school
c. at your home
8. a. one
b. two
c. three
9. a. people who like being in large classes
b. people who prefer learning one-on-one
c. people who have physical handicaps
10. a. a chance to win something
b. a cruise to the Mediterranean
c. a language course
11. a. to Spain
b. to the Mediterranean
c. to the Caribbean
12. a. 1-2 weeks
b. 2-3 weeks
c. 2-4 weeks
Discuss the following questions. You can use some of
the words and expressions in the boxes.
authentic texts individual attention
read extensively focused quick/slow pace
audio-visual material interaction progress
travel abroad computer programs
When answering questions, try to justify your answers,
give examples and relate your answers to your personal
experience or background knowledge.
16
lift queue shop lorry cooker chips
football petrol flat jumper bill rubbish
pavement autumn trainers mobile phone
holiday trousers
1. My apartment overlooks the
Thames River.
2. I asked for the check while
you were on the phone.
3. There is a glass elevator in
that building.
4. I’m going back to school in
the fall.
5. I always have to take the
garbage out; Henry never
offers to do it.
6. Do you like these pants on
me?
7. They haven’t been on
vacation for four years.
8. There was a long line to get
into the department store
on the first day of the sale.
9. I want to buy a new
cell phone.
10. I think the pink sweater
looks better on you; the
black one is a little too tight.
11. I have soccer practice after
school.
12. The truck swerved to avoid
the deer which was standing
in the middle of the road.
13. I’m having a new stove
delivered on Saturday.
14. I need to wash my sneakers;
they got dirty in the rain.
15. He bought her a diamond
ring from an expensive
store on 5th Avenue.
16. I slipped and fell because
the sidewalk was slippery.
17. I’d like to have a steak
with fries.
18. I need to stop and fill the
tank with gas.
VOCABULARY
BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH
Read the sentences below. The words in bold are
American English. Match them with their British
English equivalents in the box.
GRAMMAR
1. You ought to call the police if he threatens you again.
You should see a doctor if the pain continues.
• Is there any difference in meaning between the
two verbs in bold?
• What is the speaker doing in each sentence?
2. I think he’d better stay in bed for another day.
Abdullah should be home by 6 o’clock.
• In which sentence does the verb mean is expected to?
• What does the verb in the other sentence mean?
3. I should have handed in my research paper yesterday.
• Did the speaker hand in his research paper yesterday?
• How does the speaker feel about it?
4. ‘Mum, my stomach hurts!’
‘You know, Rod, you shouldn’t have eaten all that
chocolate.’
• Did Rod eat a lot of chocolate?
• Does his mother think he did the right thing?
SHOULD / OUGHT TO / HAD BETTER
A. Read the examples below and answer the
questions that follow.
B. Complete the sentences with should or shouldn’t
and the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. You (try) to get at least
6-8 hours of sleep each night.
2. Ben didn’t do well in his exams. He
(study) harder for them.
3. Ibrahim (lie) to his best
friend, Nawaf. Now Nawaf can’t trust him anymore.
4. You (take) a nice long
holiday. I’m sure it will relax you.
5. Michael (play) football
until a doctor examines his knee.
Grammar Reference pp. 133-134.
17
writing
1. In which paragraph does the writer:
a. refer to the advantages of having a part-time job?
b. refer to the disadvantages?
c. express his/her own opinion?
d. refer briefly to the topic
and make an initial comment?
WRITING AN ESSAY I
1. DISCUSS
• Is it common for high school or college students in your country to have part-time jobs? Why / Why not?
• What are the advantages and disadvantages?
Read the short article as well as the rubric below and underline the key words in the rubric. What is the topic which
needs to be discussed? What are you required to include in your writing?
2. FOCUS ON INPUT AND RUBRIC
According to a report published at the end of 2009 by the
Department of Labour, the percentage of unemployed teenagers is
increasing. In December 2009, 17% of young people between the
ages of 16-19 were unemployed. In comparison to ten years before,
in 1999 (when the unemployment rate was 14%), it seems that there
is a growing trend for teens to put off joining the workforce.
In some countries, it is common for teenagers to have a part-time job in addition to their extra-curricular activities. In what ways
might a job like this help students or create problems for them during the school year? Support your views with examples.
3. FOCUS ON ORGANISATION AND STYLE
Now read the sample writing below and answer the questions that follow.
2. The sample writing above is an essay. Read the following
statements and decide which of them apply to the essay.
The writer:
a. uses informal language
b. states what he/she believes
c. uses linking words/phrases
d. develops arguments
e. uses short forms and abbreviations
f. narrates past events
g. gives examples and justifies his/her opinion
It is quite common today for high school students not
only to take part in extra-curricular activities, but also
to have a part-time job. Some of them have a steady
job by the time they are sixteen or seventeen. Working
at such a young age can be a positive experience, but
it may also have a number of disadvantages for the
average teenager.
First of all, having a job at a young age gives teens real
world experience in the workplace, as well as teaching
them lessons about responsibility. For example, teens
learn how to deal with social problems with co-workers or
customers, or practical issues like punctuality and behaving
professionally. Furthermore, earning an income helps a
teen learn how to save and manage money responsibly.
In spite of these advantages, there may also be certain
disadvantages. Some teenagers might feel overwhelmed
by the thought that they have left behind their youth
too soon. What is more, some students may find it hard
to keep up with their schoolwork and hold a job at the
same time and, as a result, suffer from unnecessary
stress and anxiety.
Summing up, it would seem that the benefits of
teenagers having a job are more than the possible
disadvantages. However, students may need the help of
their parents or employer in order to adjust to working.
Moreover, they must find a way to balance their work,
school, and personal life effectively.
MORE WORK TEENS
CHOOSING NOT TO
18
A. Look at the words highlighted in the text. What purpose do they serve?
4. FOCUS ON LINKING WORDS
a. to add ideas b. to express contrast c. to give examples
B. Use the linking words in brackets to link the sentences.
1. Smoking is a bad habit that is dangerous to your health. It is costly. (besides)
2. Afnan is kind. She is intelligent. (not only… but also)
3. Students learn French at school. They learn German too. (as well as)
4. Applicants for the position must have a university degree. They must have basic computer skills. (in addition)
5. That hotel is too far from the city centre. I can’t afford it. (moreover)
apart from besides in addition (to) not only… but also...
Other linking words/phrases that serve the same purpose and make your essay easier to follow are:
Work in pairs. Try to find as many
advantages and disadvantages of the
situation given below as you can. When
you have finished, compare your ideas
with those of other pairs.
5. BRAINSTORMING
learning two foreign languages in school
6. WRITING TASK
A. Read the short article as well as the
rubric below and underline the key
words in the rubric.
The local Department of Education has
decided to award 100 university graduates
with MA Scholarships. The scholarships
will allow students to study abroad at the
university of their choice. The selection
will be made on the basis of the students’
academic performance. Applications must
be submitted by March 29.
a. What are the advantages of studying
in a foreign country?
b. What are the disadvantages?
100 MA SCHOLARSHIPS
C. Complete the outline below for your essay.
D. Write your essay based on the outline you have made (150-175 words).
INTRODUCTION
What are you going to discuss?
How do you feel about it?
MAIN PART
What advantages/disadvantages of the situation/issue
are you going to discuss?
What kind of examples are you going to include?
CONCLUSION
What is your overall opinion of the issue?
B. Think about the following aspects of
the issue and discuss.
It is very common for students today to
choose to study abroad, and there are
countries that have very large numbers
of foreign students. What do students
gain from studying abroad? What are the
drawbacks to studying in a foreign country?
Discuss your opinion, giving examples.
When writing an essay expressing an opinion:
underline the key words in the rubric to get a clear idea of what
your essay should focus on.
spend a couple of minutes to make a brief outline of what you plan
to write.
organise your writing into paragraphs presenting major points in
separate paragraphs.
expand on your ideas by explaining them clearly and supporting
them with reasons or examples.
write in a formal style and do not use abbreviations or short forms.
For linking words/phrases you can use, see Appendix I.
19
VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
C. Choose the word that most appropriately completes
each sentence.
1. Ben has a very job; he’s a fingerprint analyst.
a. unusual
b. unpredictable
c. colourful
d. individual
2. Julia’s father is a(n) and is now doing a study of
a particular kind of mosquito.
a. engineer
b. geologist
c. biologist
d. mathematician
3. Hasan has nearly completed his Marketing .
a. course
b. subject
c. certificate
d. award
4. Sleep is an part of healthy living.
a. unnecessary
b. interesting
c. essential
d. attractive
5. Jack is about where he will go on holiday next
year.
a. independent
b. professional
c. individual
d. flexible
6. Lorna was amazed when she found out that she’d won
the writing .
a. opportunity
b. course
c. competition
d. recording
B. Choose the word or phrase that produces a
grammatically correct sentence.
1. I John borrow my bike. He won’t return it to
me now!
a. should let
b. should have let
c. shouldn’t let
d. shouldn’t have let
2. Jeremy from medical school.
a. has graduated
b. has been graduating
c. was graduating
d. graduates
3. He has been managing the company three
years.
a. since
b. before
c. for
d. already
4. I’ve for an hour for the bus.
a. wait
b. been waited
c. been waiting
d. waiting
5. This is the architect designed my house.
a. where
b. whose
c. which
d. who
6. Taif, is where my sister lives, is a beautiful
town set high in the mountains.
a. who
b. whose
c. which
d. that
A. Read the text and complete the blanks with the Present Perfect Simple, the Present Perfect Progressive or the
Past Simple of the verbs in brackets.
Jeff Carr is a doctor who works
for a non-profit organisation
and is now in Uzbekistan. He
(1) (work)
for the organisation for a year and describes his experience
as very rewarding. Jeff (2) (work) in
England for several years before he (3)
(join) the organisation. He (4)
(choose) to go to Uzbekistan to help with a disease
prevention project. His days are spent in a busy hospital,
dealing with patients, and training local staff. He works in
a stressful environment with basic conditions and he has
to use his creativity to solve difficult problems. There have
been times when he
(5)
(feel)
completely exhausted, but in spite
of this, he still loves his work. When he has
free time, he likes to practise his Uzbek, which he
(6) (try) to learn since he arrived.
Jeff’s time there is ending next month, but he
(7) (volunteer) to take part in another
project in Africa. He says he (8) (make) a
lot of friends during his time in Uzbekistan and will miss
them. Most important of all, he says he gets a great sense of
satisfaction from making a difference in people’s lives and
believes that is what success is all about.
1. PRE-LISTENING
You are going to hear a radio programme about a
foreign language learning convention. You will hear
the programme in several parts. After each part you
will hear some questions. For each question choose
the correct answer. Listen to the introduction and note
the example question below.
2. LISTENING FOR SPECIFIC INFORMATION
Example
a. at a radio studio
b. at a foreign language school
c. at a convention hall
The correct answer is c.
7. a. at your doorstep
b. at your school
c. at your home
8. a. one
b. two
c. three
9. a. people who like being in large classes
b. people who prefer learning one-on-one
c. people who have physical handicaps
10. a. a chance to win something
b. a cruise to the Mediterranean
c. a language course
11. a. to Spain
b. to the Mediterranean
c. to the Caribbean
12. a. 1-2 weeks
b. 2-3 weeks
c. 2-4 weeks
Discuss the following questions. You can use some of
the words and expressions in the boxes.
authentic texts individual attention
read extensively focused quick/slow pace
audio-visual material interaction progress
travel abroad computer programs
When answering questions, try to justify your answers,
give examples and relate your answers to your personal
experience or background knowledge.
16
lift queue shop lorry cooker chips
football petrol flat jumper bill rubbish
pavement autumn trainers mobile phone
holiday trousers
1. My apartment overlooks the
Thames River.
2. I asked for the check while
you were on the phone.
3. There is a glass elevator in
that building.
4. I’m going back to school in
the fall.
5. I always have to take the
garbage out; Henry never
offers to do it.
6. Do you like these pants on
me?
7. They haven’t been on
vacation for four years.
8. There was a long line to get
into the department store
on the first day of the sale.
9. I want to buy a new
cell phone.
10. I think the pink sweater
looks better on you; the
black one is a little too tight.
11. I have soccer practice after
school.
12. The truck swerved to avoid
the deer which was standing
in the middle of the road.
13. I’m having a new stove
delivered on Saturday.
14. I need to wash my sneakers;
they got dirty in the rain.
15. He bought her a diamond
ring from an expensive
store on 5th Avenue.
16. I slipped and fell because
the sidewalk was slippery.
17. I’d like to have a steak
with fries.
18. I need to stop and fill the
tank with gas.
VOCABULARY
BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH
Read the sentences below. The words in bold are
American English. Match them with their British
English equivalents in the box.
GRAMMAR
1. You ought to call the police if he threatens you again.
You should see a doctor if the pain continues.
• Is there any difference in meaning between the
two verbs in bold?
• What is the speaker doing in each sentence?
2. I think he’d better stay in bed for another day.
Abdullah should be home by 6 o’clock.
• In which sentence does the verb mean is expected to?
• What does the verb in the other sentence mean?
3. I should have handed in my research paper yesterday.
• Did the speaker hand in his research paper yesterday?
• How does the speaker feel about it?
4. ‘Mum, my stomach hurts!’
‘You know, Rod, you shouldn’t have eaten all that
chocolate.’
• Did Rod eat a lot of chocolate?
• Does his mother think he did the right thing?
SHOULD / OUGHT TO / HAD BETTER
A. Read the examples below and answer the
questions that follow.
B. Complete the sentences with should or shouldn’t
and the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. You (try) to get at least
6-8 hours of sleep each night.
2. Ben didn’t do well in his exams. He
(study) harder for them.
3. Ibrahim (lie) to his best
friend, Nawaf. Now Nawaf can’t trust him anymore.
4. You (take) a nice long
holiday. I’m sure it will relax you.
5. Michael (play) football
until a doctor examines his knee.
Grammar Reference pp. 133-134.
17
writing
1. In which paragraph does the writer:
a. refer to the advantages of having a part-time job?
b. refer to the disadvantages?
c. express his/her own opinion?
d. refer briefly to the topic
and make an initial comment?
WRITING AN ESSAY I
1. DISCUSS
• Is it common for high school or college students in your country to have part-time jobs? Why / Why not?
• What are the advantages and disadvantages?
Read the short article as well as the rubric below and underline the key words in the rubric. What is the topic which
needs to be discussed? What are you required to include in your writing?
2. FOCUS ON INPUT AND RUBRIC
According to a report published at the end of 2009 by the
Department of Labour, the percentage of unemployed teenagers is
increasing. In December 2009, 17% of young people between the
ages of 16-19 were unemployed. In comparison to ten years before,
in 1999 (when the unemployment rate was 14%), it seems that there
is a growing trend for teens to put off joining the workforce.
In some countries, it is common for teenagers to have a part-time job in addition to their extra-curricular activities. In what ways
might a job like this help students or create problems for them during the school year? Support your views with examples.
3. FOCUS ON ORGANISATION AND STYLE
Now read the sample writing below and answer the questions that follow.
2. The sample writing above is an essay. Read the following
statements and decide which of them apply to the essay.
The writer:
a. uses informal language
b. states what he/she believes
c. uses linking words/phrases
d. develops arguments
e. uses short forms and abbreviations
f. narrates past events
g. gives examples and justifies his/her opinion
It is quite common today for high school students not
only to take part in extra-curricular activities, but also
to have a part-time job. Some of them have a steady
job by the time they are sixteen or seventeen. Working
at such a young age can be a positive experience, but
it may also have a number of disadvantages for the
average teenager.
First of all, having a job at a young age gives teens real
world experience in the workplace, as well as teaching
them lessons about responsibility. For example, teens
learn how to deal with social problems with co-workers or
customers, or practical issues like punctuality and behaving
professionally. Furthermore, earning an income helps a
teen learn how to save and manage money responsibly.
In spite of these advantages, there may also be certain
disadvantages. Some teenagers might feel overwhelmed
by the thought that they have left behind their youth
too soon. What is more, some students may find it hard
to keep up with their schoolwork and hold a job at the
same time and, as a result, suffer from unnecessary
stress and anxiety.
Summing up, it would seem that the benefits of
teenagers having a job are more than the possible
disadvantages. However, students may need the help of
their parents or employer in order to adjust to working.
Moreover, they must find a way to balance their work,
school, and personal life effectively.
MORE WORK TEENS
CHOOSING NOT TO
18
A. Look at the words highlighted in the text. What purpose do they serve?
4. FOCUS ON LINKING WORDS
a. to add ideas b. to express contrast c. to give examples
B. Use the linking words in brackets to link the sentences.
1. Smoking is a bad habit that is dangerous to your health. It is costly. (besides)
2. Afnan is kind. She is intelligent. (not only… but also)
3. Students learn French at school. They learn German too. (as well as)
4. Applicants for the position must have a university degree. They must have basic computer skills. (in addition)
5. That hotel is too far from the city centre. I can’t afford it. (moreover)
apart from besides in addition (to) not only… but also...
Other linking words/phrases that serve the same purpose and make your essay easier to follow are:
Work in pairs. Try to find as many
advantages and disadvantages of the
situation given below as you can. When
you have finished, compare your ideas
with those of other pairs.
5. BRAINSTORMING
learning two foreign languages in school
6. WRITING TASK
A. Read the short article as well as the
rubric below and underline the key
words in the rubric.
The local Department of Education has
decided to award 100 university graduates
with MA Scholarships. The scholarships
will allow students to study abroad at the
university of their choice. The selection
will be made on the basis of the students’
academic performance. Applications must
be submitted by March 29.
a. What are the advantages of studying
in a foreign country?
b. What are the disadvantages?
100 MA SCHOLARSHIPS
C. Complete the outline below for your essay.
D. Write your essay based on the outline you have made (150-175 words).
INTRODUCTION
What are you going to discuss?
How do you feel about it?
MAIN PART
What advantages/disadvantages of the situation/issue
are you going to discuss?
What kind of examples are you going to include?
CONCLUSION
What is your overall opinion of the issue?
B. Think about the following aspects of
the issue and discuss.
It is very common for students today to
choose to study abroad, and there are
countries that have very large numbers
of foreign students. What do students
gain from studying abroad? What are the
drawbacks to studying in a foreign country?
Discuss your opinion, giving examples.
When writing an essay expressing an opinion:
underline the key words in the rubric to get a clear idea of what
your essay should focus on.
spend a couple of minutes to make a brief outline of what you plan
to write.
organise your writing into paragraphs presenting major points in
separate paragraphs.
expand on your ideas by explaining them clearly and supporting
them with reasons or examples.
write in a formal style and do not use abbreviations or short forms.
For linking words/phrases you can use, see Appendix I.
19
VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
C. Choose the word that most appropriately completes
each sentence.
1. Ben has a very job; he’s a fingerprint analyst.
a. unusual
b. unpredictable
c. colourful
d. individual
2. Julia’s father is a(n) and is now doing a study of
a particular kind of mosquito.
a. engineer
b. geologist
c. biologist
d. mathematician
3. Hasan has nearly completed his Marketing .
a. course
b. subject
c. certificate
d. award
4. Sleep is an part of healthy living.
a. unnecessary
b. interesting
c. essential
d. attractive
5. Jack is about where he will go on holiday next
year.
a. independent
b. professional
c. individual
d. flexible
6. Lorna was amazed when she found out that she’d won
the writing .
a. opportunity
b. course
c. competition
d. recording
B. Choose the word or phrase that produces a
grammatically correct sentence.
1. I John borrow my bike. He won’t return it to
me now!
a. should let
b. should have let
c. shouldn’t let
d. shouldn’t have let
2. Jeremy from medical school.
a. has graduated
b. has been graduating
c. was graduating
d. graduates
3. He has been managing the company three
years.
a. since
b. before
c. for
d. already
4. I’ve for an hour for the bus.
a. wait
b. been waited
c. been waiting
d. waiting
5. This is the architect designed my house.
a. where
b. whose
c. which
d. who
6. Taif, is where my sister lives, is a beautiful
town set high in the mountains.
a. who
b. whose
c. which
d. that
A. Read the text and complete the blanks with the Present Perfect Simple, the Present Perfect Progressive or the
Past Simple of the verbs in brackets.
Jeff Carr is a doctor who works
for a non-profit organisation
and is now in Uzbekistan. He
(1) (work)
for the organisation for a year and describes his experience
as very rewarding. Jeff (2) (work) in
England for several years before he (3)
(join) the organisation. He (4)
(choose) to go to Uzbekistan to help with a disease
prevention project. His days are spent in a busy hospital,
dealing with patients, and training local staff. He works in
a stressful environment with basic conditions and he has
to use his creativity to solve difficult problems. There have
been times when he
(5)
(feel)
completely exhausted, but in spite
of this, he still loves his work. When he has
free time, he likes to practise his Uzbek, which he
(6) (try) to learn since he arrived.
Jeff’s time there is ending next month, but he
(7) (volunteer) to take part in another
project in Africa. He says he (8) (make) a
lot of friends during his time in Uzbekistan and will miss
them. Most important of all, he says he gets a great sense of
satisfaction from making a difference in people’s lives and
believes that is what success is all about.
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