برزنتيشن عن مصر بالانجليزي

تعبير تقرير برجراف فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص جاهز باللغة الانجليزي  كتابة انشاء عبارات حكم اقوال تعبير بالانجليزي عن  تقرير جاهز سهل بسيط قطعة معلومات عامة شاملة بسيطة مبسط نبذة عن الاقتصاد السكان جمل عن بلادي اسم كلمة معنى كيف تكتب مترجم رحلة عن مقال جمهورية دولة حول  تكاليف المعيشه السياحة في  للطلاب عرض ملخص مختصر حول الحياة والعادات والتقاليد فى  لمحة تعريفية بالانجلش تلخيص قصير كلمة تحدث  تقرير انجليزي عن اي دوله مقدمة خاتمة  information about   paragraph  presentation  location كم عدد سكان  مدن  الوجهات العرب المسافرون نقاط الاهتمام مساحة تحدث جغرافية جغرافيا  عبارات شعر قصيدة مؤثر كلام قصير مترجم بالعربي  شكل عام موضوع مؤثر اللغات الرسمية ديانة  اسماء مدن  المناطق الريفيه الشعب الجنس رئيس لغتها الرسمية  برجراف عن السياحة فى مصر بالانجليزى موضوع عن القاهرة بالانجليزي مصر فى المستقبل الاثار المصرية بحث عن الاهرامات  مصر أم الدنيا موضوع تعبير متوقع بالإنجليزية Paragraph عن حال مصر how to make egypt better place 

ابرز مقومات قوة الاقتصاد المصري في دلة مصر

socioeconomic

The economic situation of Egypt in 2013 is degraded. The country, which experienced, until 2011, sustained growth, resulting in part from the program of reforms and openness since 2004 to modernize the country's economy, saw its growth rate decline. Investment and tourism, the sectors most affected by the revolution, are struggling to recover.

The stock of foreign exchange reserves has halved since 2011, providing just three months of imports. The rating agency Standard and Poor's lowered Egypt's sovereign rating in May 2013 by one notch, from "B-" to "CCC +", in the speculative category. In early July, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait pledged cumulative aid of US $ 12 billion in the form of grants, deposits with the Egyptian central bank and contributions to oil and gas products.

Egypt is historically a great economic power in Africa, it is especially under the presidency of Nasser that it takes off since it was at the origin of the nationalization of the Suez Canal in 1956 and the construction of the Aswan high dam that ends in 1970. It manages to free itself from the British tutelage for the Suez Canal in order to ensure the economic development of the country and to meet its own energy needs through the dam.

However, the 2011 Arab Spring came to disrupt the situation and deeply affected the main resources on which the Egyptian economy was based, thus putting it in serious difficulty.

Indeed tourism, the country's first foreign exchange resource, which accounted for 10% of GDP before the Arab Spring employing 12% of the population, bore the full brunt of the consequences of the uprisings of the people since the number of tourists has increased from 14%. , 7 million in 2010 to 9.5 million in 2011, which represents a huge shortfall for the Egyptian economy. The image of Egypt has suffered violent repressions that took place in Egypt in recent years.

Another pillar of the troubled economy (third source of the country's currency after tourism and expatriate remittances), the Suez Canal, the fastest sea route between Asia and Europe, and Africa North and Asia, which traffic petroleum products as well as containers, sees its revenues (about 5 billion per year) decrease because of the strong piracy in the Gulf of Aden and the economic crisis affecting the region. eurozone. In fact, goods traffic (more than 8% of world trade), crude oil (only 5% of world trade) and liquefied natural gas (14% of world trade) have been declining since 2008, and the economic crisis which has has touched the whole world.

Among Egypt's main sources of income, only expatriate remittances, estimated at 19 billion in 2012, have not declined dramatically, remaining at least the same level as before 2011. This is explained in particular, the importance that Egypt attaches to its expatriates by allowing them to vote in the last elections to express the importance that their country of origin gives them.

Despite the contribution of expatriates, the Egyptian economy is still in great difficulty, as evidenced by the words of a Western banker working in Egypt who wrote "a country on a drip that would collapse in a few days without the current country support

 of the Gulf ". Indeed the country avoided bankruptcy thanks to the assistance provided mainly by Saudi Arabia (as well as Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates), which is expected to reach 12 billion to compensate the possible suspension of US aid ( military support of 1.3 billion dollars) and European. Indeed, the latter are exerting financial pressure on the Egyptian military government to protest the use of violence against Protestants. In particular, the European Union, which is currently threatening to suspend its € 5 billion aid planned for 2012-2014. For the moment, only the supply of weapons and security equipment has been suspended, although it seems unlikely that the EU will implement its threats because of Egypt's geostrategic interest in terms of balance in the region and especially because of the 4.5 million barrels transit each day by the Suez Canal.

The collapse of these main sources of income and foreign exchange for the Egyptian economy has had the effect of strongly impacting the country's economic indicators. Indeed, today, all the seers are red, the military government is completely helpless in the face of the situation, therefore the Egyptian economy that could have been a lever for the recovery of the country has completely collapsed, revealing in turn the impotence of economic power in Egypt.

First indicator in free fall, foreign exchange reserves. They have literally melted after the Arab Spring, we note a drop of 65% since the end of 2010. At the end of January 2013 they reached $ 13.6 billion against $ 15 billion in December 2012, a sign of the rapid decline. This amount is also described as "critical minimum" by the Egyptian Central Bank, since they represent only 3 months of imports. In particular, remember that Egypt is the largest importer of cereals in the world and that its people had already suffered the full wheat shortage a few months ago (6 months without orders).

The second leading indicator, the drop in FDI, which went from $ 13.2 billion in 2008 to $ 2.1 billion in 2012, is a sign of Egypt's lack of attractiveness and lack of prospects for investors. Excluding FDI allows a country to grow and grow its businesses. The growing number of companies shut down in Egypt (about 40,000, which is considerable) is the consequence of this phenomenon which also affects large multinationals such as Shell, Electrolux or General Motor.

Another indicator down, economic growth. GDP grew by only 1.8% between 2011 and 2012 while it was more than 5% over the previous year, which is largely insufficient to maintain the economic balance of Egypt and its development.

Unemployment and inflation also reach their peaks (18% and 13% respectively), thus paralyzing the country and preventing the people to work and eat properly, factors that led to revolt to demand what should their to be due naturally. Public finances are also heavily indebted, evidence of both mismanagement of the political apparatus and unprecedented economic and social crisis in Egypt.

economic and financial

- The country's GDP: US $ 231.9 billion (2011)

Share of main sectors of activity in GDP (2011):

 agriculture: 31.6%

 industry: 23%

 services: 45.3%

- GDP per capita: US $ 2922 (2011)

- GDP growth rate: 1.2% (5.9% before the revolution)

- The annual inflation rate: 13.5% [8]

- The budget balance (in% of GDP): -13% of GDP (2012)

- Current account balance (in% of GDP): deficit of US $ 8.1 billion (2012)

 Main customers (market share): Italy (8.4%); Spain (6.2%); Saudi Arabia (5.9%); United States (5.9%); India (4.7%)

 Main suppliers: United States (9.4%); China (9.2%); Germany (7.6%); Italy (5.6%); Saudi Arabia (4.0%).

- External debt (in% of GDP): 21% (2013)

- Exchange rate: 1 (EUR) = 9.44 Egyptian Pound (EGP) on 11/12/2013