معلومات عن بريطانيا بالانجليزي

تعبير تقرير برجراف فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص جاهز باللغة الانجليزي  كتابة انشاء عبارات حكم اقوال تعبير بالانجليزي عن. تقرير جاهز سهل بسيط قطعة معلومات بسيطة مبسط نبذة عن الاقتصاد السكان تعبير عن بلادي اسم كلمة معنى كيف تكتب

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 للطلاب عرض ملخص مختصر حول الحياة والعادات والتقاليد فى  لمحة تعريفية بالانجلش

معلومات عن بريطانيا بالانجليزيتعبير عن السياحه في بالانجليزي

تعبير بالانجلش عن مترجم قصير بحث عن معالم بالانجليزي

المملكة المتحدة لبريطانيا العظمى وايرلندا الشمالية بالإنجليزية: United Kingdom of  Great Britain  أين تقع بريطانيا  أقسام بريطانيا  مساحة بريطانيا ماذا تعرف عن بريطانيا؟

Identity record

Following the separation of Southern Ireland in 1921, the United Kingdom officially became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1927.

It is a multinational state composed of 4 nations:

 England, whose capital is London (which is also the capital of the United Kingdom)

 Scotland, whose capital is Edinburgh

 Wales, whose capital is Cardiff

 Northern Ireland, whose capital is Belfast

Not to be confused with Great Britain, which is the name of the island formed by the territories of England, Wales and Scotland. It is the largest island in Europe and the 9th largest island in the world.

The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy governed by Queen Elizabeth II of the Windsor Dynasty since 1952. Today, a constitutional monarchy is a type of political regime that recognizes an elected or hereditary monarch as head of state, but a constitution limits its powers. The Queen of England nominates the Prime Minister from the body politic winning legislative elections but has no decision-making power.

Although there is a common language that is English, other languages ​​are also officially recognized: Scottish and Welsh.

The total population in 2012 is of the order of 63 705 thousand people, an increase of 0.7% compared to 2011.

The human development index is 0.875 / 1.0 in 2012, which places the country 26th out of 186. It should be noted that this rank is rather low compared to the rest of the European countries. For a comparison, France is ranked 20th.

The currency is the pound sterling, which represents in December 2013: 1.18 €. The pound sterling is one of the oldest currencies still in circulation and the fourth most widely traded currency on the foreign exchange market.

The majority of the population is white, made up of 87%. The rest is divided into 7% of Asians, 3% of blacks and 3% of half-breeds and others. This diversity results from immigration in main provenances of the former colonies like Bangladesh, India or Pakistan. The ethnic minority is therefore relatively weak with a total of 13%.

Definition of government

The government is headed by a prime minister, David Cameron himself appointed by the Queen. The executive power is exercised in the name of the Queen but by the ministers. The cabinet is Her Majesty's Government, and is made up of about twenty ministers appointed by the Prime Minister. Like any parliamentary system, its ministers are accountable to Parliament, which can overthrow it at any time. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world today where the constitution is not codified. It consists of constitutional conventions and various elements derived from customs.

Moreover, there is no law of separation between church and state: the monarch (Elizabeth II) is also the head of the Anglican Church. According to the act of establishment of 1701 still in force, Catholics can not accede to the throne and are prohibited from governing the United Kingdom. This can pose a problem of representativeness and discrimination. It also reveals that anti-Catholicism is still relevant today.

Since the 1990s, the United Kingdom has established a delegation of powers in its nations: today there is a Scottish Parliament, a National Assembly of Wales and an Assembly of Northern Ireland. This delegation is still minimal, the powers transmitted are very limited.

Socio-economic context

According to a study by OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), the country is rather successful on the 11 essential human criteria (education, working conditions, access to housing, care ect ...). The kingdom is above the average of the countries studied.

The unemployment rate is around 8% of the labor force.

The fifth largest economy in the world, the United Kingdom is today one of the most successful countries in the European Union, after a difficult transition in the 1970s.

The country has experienced the last thirty years of profound economic changes. The decline in industrial activity has been pronounced and has led to the reconversion of entire regions, especially around Cardiff and Manchester. This once dominant sector now accounts for only 20% of GDP.

The secondary sector is not very competitive. The main activities are machine tools, transport equipment and chemicals. Sectors with good potential are information and communication technologies, biotechnology, aeronautics, defense and renewable energies.

The services sector, which accounts for two-thirds of GDP, has become the engine of British growth. Insurance, electronics and the pharmaceutical and energy industries are today among the most competitive in Europe. The City of London remains a financial center of primary importance. In addition, tourism is a major part of the UK economy: with more than 27 million tourists a year, the United Kingdom is the sixth largest tourist destination in the world.

The geological risks are minimal, the biggest earthquake took place in 1931, it did not make any victims. The last earthquake meant 2008 with a magnitude of 5.2.

The health risk is no longer present in the country but was in the 1990s with the mad cow crisis. The human losses are 204 people and the socio-economic impact has lastingly marked the agricultural and consumer sector. Other human cases may nevertheless appear in the future because the incubation time of the disease can be long.

Conclusion

This analysis shows us the weight of a country with a strong legacy that continues to influence global decisions. The remains of colonization and the British empire have given the country a vital advantage both strategically and economically. His ancestral mode of government always seems to be solid and fruitful. Its internal risk is low today, moreover, its economic situation starts again positively generating an increase of the global activity and the purchasing power. On the external front, we can say that the country is doing well by not joining the Schengen area, which allows it to maintain its economic and monetary independence while benefiting nevertheless from trade with it. Its omnipresence in global political decisions gives it a strong bargaining power. Finally, its military strength and its moderate positions reinforce its situation safe from a possible external attack.