Cyberspace Learning Initiative
1. What is the writer’s opinion of young people?
a. They shouldn’t be pessimistic about the future.
b. They are lucky to have many things in common.
c. They have a positive attitude and are capable of
achieving their goals.
d. They have few hopes of bringing about changes.
2. Why does the writer feel that the dreams of young people
should be encouraged?
a. Because they are capable of making important
breakthroughs which could benefit them financially.
b. Because their ideas and innovations will greatly benefit
future generations.
c. Because they are eager to succeed.
d. Because they are capable of uplifting us all with their
positive attitude.
57
1. COMPO UND WORDS STARTING WIT H
BACK
vocabulary
B. Read the sentences below and match
the words in bold with their definitions.
a. an unpleasant situation coming as a result of
something
b. a second set of something in case the first one
doesn’t work
c. what gives strength to something
d. not developed
e. to have an undesired result
f. to change an earlier opinion, statement or decision
g. requiring physical effort and tiring
h. to make effective from an earlier time
1. Small enterprises are considered to be the
backbone of commerce in my country.
2. Everything will work out, as long as our plan
doesn’t backfire.
3. We will need a backup plan in case something
goes wrong.
4. Gardening can be backbreaking work.
5. The increase in salary we got in June was
backdated to the beginning of the year.
6. The businessman had to backtrack on his decision
after he realised what a big investment the project
required.
7. The little town is so backward, they don’t even
have indoor plumbing!
8. After the mall opened, many small shops
closed in the backwash.
NOTE
• The prefixes un- and in- are used before adjectives
and adverbs to give them the opposite meaning
(usual – unusual, correct – incorrect).
• Instead of in- we use the prefixes im- when the
word starts with m or p (moral – immoral, perfect –
imperfect) il- when the word starts with l (legal –
illegal) and ir- when the word starts with r
(regular – irregular).
• The suffix -less is used after a noun to form an
adjective which means not having (end – endless).
A. Look at the extract from Text A on page 56. What
does the word in bold mean?
Against the backdrop of this increasingly uncertain world,...
2. NEGATI VE PREFI XES AND SUFFI XES
A. Look at the extract from Text A on page 56. What
does the word in bold mean?
Against the backdrop of this increasingly uncertain world,...
B. Read the text and complete the blanks with the
correct form of the words in capitals.
For many years Brazilian football legend
Pelé and his number one rival, Argentine
Diego Maradona, were
(1) of being in the
same room together. Yet in 2010, at the
opening of a newly built sports academy
in Qatar, the seemingly
(2) became possible and
the two sworn enemies shook hands and
embraced. How did organisers make this
(3) reunion a reality? It
was the belief that anything is possible
as long as you have the will and the
money. It was no doubt this same belief
that led Qatar to the even greater and
(4) achievement of
winning the bid to host the 2022 World
Cup Finals. Many had believed that
Qatar’s bid was like a
(5) dream. World Cup
finals taking place in the
(6) summer heat and
hosted by such a new and small
country, seemed (7) .
However, Qatar proved its determination
and persuaded FIFA that any doubts
were (8) . Revolutionary
cooling systems are being developed that
use solar power, which will eventually
benefit the lives of people beyond the
borders of Qatar and well after the World
Cup Finals. This, along with
(9) other innovations
and proposals that Qatar is developing
in preparation for the World Cup, ensure
that 2022 will be an (10)
year for football, throughout the Middle
East and beyond.
CAPABLE
POSSIBLE
LIKELY
EXPECT
HOPE
BEAR
CONCEIVE
JUSTIFY
COUNT
FORGET
A. Read the sentences below and correct
the mistakes in them.
1. I am learning English for six years now.
2. My brother gets married next Saturday.
3. The boys aren’t in their room. Do they play
in the garden?
4. Sue has gone to the USA several times.
5. I haven’t seen my sister since three weeks.
6. Emily has been reading three novels this
month.
B. Complete the blanks with the Present Simple, Present
Progressive, Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect
Progressive of the verbs in brackets.
Alice: Oxford is such an amazing place!
Debbie: I can’t believe you (1) (not be)
here before! You live so close!
Alice: I know. I (2) (plan) to come
down to Oxford for weeks. I have a friend who
(3) (live) here but I
(4) (just / not have) the time.
She (5) (come) to pick us up
later. She (6) (want) to take
us round the town. You see, coming to this University
Open Day (7) (give) me the
perfect opportunity to see Oxford.
Debbie: So what (8) (you / think) of
the university?
Alice: It’s very impressive. In fact, after what
I (9) (see) today,
I (10) (think) of applying.
Debbie: Me too. (11) (you / apply) to
any other universities?
Alice: Yes, two others, Manchester and Bristol.
I (12) (look) since September for
another university that does my course but
I (13) (not / find) one that
I (14) (like) as much as
Oxford. I (15) (just / hope) I
get the grades.
Debbie: Well, you got all A’s in the mock exams, so that
(16) (mean) you have got a
good chance.
grammar
Look at the extracts from the texts on pages
56-57 and answer the questions that follow.
1. P resent Simple -
Present Progressive -
Present Perfect Simple -
Present Perfect Progressive
2. PractiCe
1. Most youngsters dream of success; (Text
A, line 17)
2. ...we are not only securing their future
but the future of generations to come.
(Text A, lines 21-22)
3. Advances in technology, however, have
generated revolutionary applications
that could change the face of education
as we know it today. (Text Î’, lines 5-7)
4. However, in view of recent developments
in Internet and multimedia technologies,
we have been reassessing the potential
of online learning.
(Text Î’, lines 11-13)
Which of the extracts above refers to:
a. an activity that started some
time ago and still continues
b. an activity going on now or
nowadays
c. an action happening generally
or repeatedly
d. an action which happened in
the past and its results are
obvious in the present
Grammar Reference p. 110.
59
• How difficult do you think it is to work and study at the
same time?
You will hear two different extracts. For questions 1-4,
choose the answer (a, b or c) which fits best according
to what you hear.
1. Pre-listening
Read through the questions before listening to the
recording so you know what information to listen for.
Listen to the whole extract carefully before choosing
your answer.
Do not assume an answer choice is correct simply
because it contains a word or a phrase heard on the
recording.
You should think about what you hear on the recording
and then select the option that best answers the
question.
Listen to the recording a second time to confirm your
answer.
A
Discuss.
2. Listening for specific information
You hear part of an interview with a young website
designer who is studying full-time at university while
running his own business.
1. How did Steve feel about helping to support his family?
a. It gave him a sense of satisfaction to be a productive
member of the family.
b. He felt sorry for himself for missing out on a lot of
the things kids his age did.
c. He found working and
studying very stressful.
2. What does Steve think about
going to university?
a. It’s tested him and helped him
to expand his horizons.
b. It’s given him the chance to
broaden his social circle.
c. The Business and
Management courses
proved to be the most
useful ones.
• If you had to choose between attending a course at a
university and doing a course online, which would you
prefer and why?
• What are the advantages of taking an online course?
1. Pre-listening
B
Discuss.
2. Listening for specific information
You hear part of a radio interview with a university
professor discussing the topic of online learning.
3. How does the man try to convince listeners of the
benefits of e-learning?
a. by comparing e-learning to traditional learning
b. by listing the advantages of e-learning
c. by mentioning how few and insignificant the
disadvantages are
4. What is one conclusion the man reaches about
e-learning?
a. E-learning may not be for everyone and for all
situations.
b. Some of the drawbacks are so serious they may
overshadow all the advantages.
c. The low cost of e-learning is what attracts most
people to it.
60
A. Think of one word only that can be used appropriately
in all three sentences. One of the three sentences in
each group has been taken from the listening activity.
After being vaccinated, you might a
slight fever.
I should be back in an hour or so; I just have a few
errands to .
How do you manage to study for a degree and
your own business?
I think at the of the day it was worth
going to university.
Don’t be so upset; it’s not the of the
world. You can always buy a new camera.
Dan would sit in his room playing computer games for
hours on .
I really don’t where we go for lunch
just as long as it’s not too far.
The experience served to broaden my
and challenge me.
your tongue, young man and don’t
let me hear you saying things like that about your
brother again!
1
2
3
words with mu ltiple meanings
B. Now match the words/phrases with the meanings
below.
a. manage
b. have higher body
temperature than
normal
c. go out and do or buy
a. without stopping
b. it’s not a serious
problem
c. taking everything
important into
consideration
1 2
3
C. Complete the sentences with the words used in
exercise A and decide which meaning a or b is correct.
a. awareness of things
b. care
c. watch
1. Does the justify the means?
a. purpose
b. frequency
2. Make up your ; are you coming or not?
a. be prepared
b. decide
3. I’m sure you’ll manage to do it if you set your to
it.
a. decide to do it and put effort into it
b. be ready and work carefully
4. He’s a liar and a hypocrite, and you should never have
trusted him. of story.
a. that’s how the story ended
b. those are the undeniable facts
5. Tim is much better at tennis than I am, but I gave him a
for his money.
a. made him pay for the use of the tennis court
b. didn’t let him win easily
grammar
Read the following examples and complete the
tables below with the missing words/phrases.
1. c an / could / be able to
At the time I was able to make some extra money on
the side.
Paul could swim at the age of three.
Distance learners with busy lifestyles are able to study
at any time.
ABILITY IN THE PRESENT
can
GENERAL ABILITY IN THE PAST
SPECIFIC ABILITY IN THE PAST
managed to
INABILITY IN THE PAST
couldn’t was/were not able/unable to
INABILITY IN THE PRESENT
am/is/are not able/unable to
ABILITY IN THE FUTURE
will be able to
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and
eight words including the word given.
2. PractiCe
1. Majed speaks both Arabic and German fluently. can
Majed both Arabic and
German fluently.
2. Tom told Felix that he could come to football
practice on the weekend. was
Tom told Felix that he
football practice on the weekend.
3. Nujood was unable to go to the wedding because
she was ill. could
Nujood to the wedding
because she was ill.
4. Even after hours of searching for the right path, the
Burden family still could not find their way home. manage
The Burden family
their way home even after hours of searching for the
right path.
5. I can’t remember the name of my first teacher,
but I will always remember his face. able
I remember the name of
my first teacher but I will always remember his face.
Grammar Reference p. 111.
61
• What kind of leisure activities are popular with young people in your country?
• Do you do any leisure activities? Why/Why not?
1. warm-up
The way I see it...
From my point of view...
I definitely agree...
I can’t say that I agree...
• What do you think people can gain from taking part in such activities?
• Do you think young people should be encouraged to take up leisure activities?
• Do you think a person can learn everything there is to know simply by attending
school? What are some lessons that people learn from life?
• Is getting a good education/job the only way to be successful in life?
3. further discu ssion
outlet teamwork cooperation
mother nature improved health
good stamina broaden one’s horizons
determination experience
self-discipline better coordination
Talk in pairs. Here are some pictures showing different types of leisure activities. First talk to each other about
how important you think these activities are. Then decide which picture best reflects the benefits of doing leisure
activities. You can use some of the words/phrases in the box.
2. Specu lating and making a decision
Discuss the following questions. You can use some of the words/phrases in the box.
I think that... because... In this picture...
The activity in this/that picture...
This picture best reflects... because
creative arts improved health release tension
reading for pleasure soothing team sports relaxing
62
Choose the correct answer a, b, c or d.
1. ‘Are you still working on that biology project?’
‘Yeah, longer than I expected.’
a. it takes
b. it took
c. it’s taking
d. it hasn’t taken
2. ‘Are you sure our Spanish friends this
Thursday?’
‘I’m positive so you’d better change your plans for the
weekend.’
a. come
b. are coming
c. coming
d. have come
3. ‘Where’s Bill? I haven’t seen him for some time.’
‘I think to his hometown to see his parents.’
a. he’s going
b. he’s been
c. he’s gone
d. he’s being
4. In the story I’m writing, two friends unexpectedly
their favourite football player at the
supermarket!
a. meet
b. met
c. have met
d. are meeting
5. Thanks to the hard work of our staff, we
more than 5,000 units this month alone.
a. sell
b. are selling
c. have sold
d. have been selling
6. I was afraid I wouldn’t be able to write an essay in
only half an hour, but in the end, I to finish
on time.
a. could
b. managed
c. can
d. couldn’t
7. Due to the rapid development of the tourist
industry in our country, more and more people
foreign languages.
a. learn
b. are learning
c. have learnt
d. learning
8. ‘Hey, Rose! Your garden looks really nice!’
‘I know, there all morning.’
a. I work
b. I’m working
c. I’ve worked
d. I’ve been working
9. I am sorry to say that I to fix your computer;
you will need to buy a new one.
a. was able
b. couldn’t
c. was unable
d. cannot
10. Did you hear that the regulations ? From now
on we have to enrol on optional courses during the
last week of August.
a. change
b. have changed
c. have been changing
d. are changed
11. ‘Do you think you can meet the deadline for the
sociology assignment?’
‘No way! Professor Holden this afternoon to
ask for some extra time.’
a. I see
b. I’m seeing
c. I’ve seen
d. I can see
12. to visit my aunt Clara for ages but I’m always
too busy to do it.
a. I mean
b. I’m meaning
c. I meant
d. I’ve been meaning
63
1. discu ss
writing an informal letter based on prompts
February 2009
Passed exams. Relieved.
Can go back to enjoying
student life!
January 2009
Have exams. Stressed. Left
studying to last minute.
November 2008
Course difficult. Hard
to manage time. Tutors
friendly and helpful.
Enjoying student life.
Carl has been studying architecture at the University of Manchester for a year. His friend Salim has been offered a place to
study architecture at the same university but he’s not sure whether to accept as he also received an offer from another university.
He has written Carl a letter asking about Manchester University and what student life is like there.
Read the extracts from Salim’s letter and from Carl’s diary. Then using the information appropriately, write Carl’s reply to
Salim, which should include whether or not the university is recommended and why.
Read the rubric below and underline the key words. Then answer the questions that follow.
1. In which part of the letter does Carl say whether he
recommends Manchester University or not?
2. Which of Salim’s questions are answered in the second and
third paragraphs?
3. What extra comments or information does Carl include in his
letter?
4. In Carl’s letter, the wording is not the same as in his notes and
the extract of Salim’s letter. Find examples of how Carl has
rephrased the following points in his letter.
a. Manchester a nice city d. Ηard to manage time
b. Τutors friendly and helpful e. Have exams. Stressed
c. Course difficult
• If you were considering doing a course at a university abroad, what kind of information would you ask somebody
who had done the same course?
2. Focu s on audience and purpose
• What does the task require you to write? Who for?
• Should it be written in a formal or informal style? Why?
A. Read the extracts from Salim’s letter and
from Carl’s diary. Match Salim’s questions to
the information in Carl’s diary that answers
them.
3. Focu s on content and organisation B. Now read the letter that Carl wrote to Salim and answer
the questions that follow.
Dear Salim,
Thanks for your letter. I’m so happy to hear that
you’ve been accepted at Manchester University.
Congratulations! I think you should definitely accept the
offer. It’s a fantastic university and the city is amazing.
I think Manchester is a great place to be a student.
The university has over 30,000 students, so you are
bound to make new friends and, of course, you already
have one here! When I first arrived, I was worried that
I wouldn’t make any friends, but I moved into student
halls and living here has given me the opportunity to
meet lots of people from all around the world. I’ve also
learnt to become more independent.
My course is very challenging and it’s been tough
adjusting to managing my time. It was especially
stressful during the exam period in January, but all the
tutors are very approachable and easy to get on with
and have been very supportive. Why don’t you try to
come to an Open Day? That way you’ll meet some of the
tutors and other students, and you’ll also be able to see
what Manchester is like as a place.
I hope this has helped you make your decision. I’ll be
thinking of you and if you want to know anything else, do
contact me.
Yours,
Carl
October 2008
Meeting new people.
Manchester a nice city,
lots to do and see here.
September 2008
Moved into student
accommodation. Made
lots of new friends.
Do you think I’ll like it in Manchester?
Did you find it easy to make new friends?
Are the tutors friendly and helpful? I
know the university has an excellent
academic reputation so I’m certain the
standard of education will be very high.
Any tips would really help me!
64
4. Focu s on style and register
a. exclamations
b. abbreviations and contractions
c. expression of personal opinion and feelings
d. use of first person singular
e. phrasal verbs
The following features are characteristic of an informal style. Find examples of them in Carl’s letter.
5. writing task
A. Read the rubric and underline the key words. What are you
required to write? To whom? About what?
Last summer, you spent two months at a language school in Torquay in the UK. A friend
of yours has written to you asking about it.
Read the extract from your friend’s letter and an advertisement for the language school
below. Then, using the information appropriately, write a letter to your friend saying
whether or not you would recommend the school and give your reasons.
Opening paragraph:
paragraph 1:
Main part
paragraph 2:
Closing paragraph:
B. Now read the extract from your friend’s letter
and the advertisement for the language school,
and answer the questions that follow.
1. What is the writer’s opinion of young people?
a. They shouldn’t be pessimistic about the future.
b. They are lucky to have many things in common.
c. They have a positive attitude and are capable of
achieving their goals.
d. They have few hopes of bringing about changes.
2. Why does the writer feel that the dreams of young people
should be encouraged?
a. Because they are capable of making important
breakthroughs which could benefit them financially.
b. Because their ideas and innovations will greatly benefit
future generations.
c. Because they are eager to succeed.
d. Because they are capable of uplifting us all with their
positive attitude.
57
1. COMPO UND WORDS STARTING WIT H
BACK
vocabulary
B. Read the sentences below and match
the words in bold with their definitions.
a. an unpleasant situation coming as a result of
something
b. a second set of something in case the first one
doesn’t work
c. what gives strength to something
d. not developed
e. to have an undesired result
f. to change an earlier opinion, statement or decision
g. requiring physical effort and tiring
h. to make effective from an earlier time
1. Small enterprises are considered to be the
backbone of commerce in my country.
2. Everything will work out, as long as our plan
doesn’t backfire.
3. We will need a backup plan in case something
goes wrong.
4. Gardening can be backbreaking work.
5. The increase in salary we got in June was
backdated to the beginning of the year.
6. The businessman had to backtrack on his decision
after he realised what a big investment the project
required.
7. The little town is so backward, they don’t even
have indoor plumbing!
8. After the mall opened, many small shops
closed in the backwash.
NOTE
• The prefixes un- and in- are used before adjectives
and adverbs to give them the opposite meaning
(usual – unusual, correct – incorrect).
• Instead of in- we use the prefixes im- when the
word starts with m or p (moral – immoral, perfect –
imperfect) il- when the word starts with l (legal –
illegal) and ir- when the word starts with r
(regular – irregular).
• The suffix -less is used after a noun to form an
adjective which means not having (end – endless).
A. Look at the extract from Text A on page 56. What
does the word in bold mean?
Against the backdrop of this increasingly uncertain world,...
2. NEGATI VE PREFI XES AND SUFFI XES
A. Look at the extract from Text A on page 56. What
does the word in bold mean?
Against the backdrop of this increasingly uncertain world,...
B. Read the text and complete the blanks with the
correct form of the words in capitals.
For many years Brazilian football legend
Pelé and his number one rival, Argentine
Diego Maradona, were
(1) of being in the
same room together. Yet in 2010, at the
opening of a newly built sports academy
in Qatar, the seemingly
(2) became possible and
the two sworn enemies shook hands and
embraced. How did organisers make this
(3) reunion a reality? It
was the belief that anything is possible
as long as you have the will and the
money. It was no doubt this same belief
that led Qatar to the even greater and
(4) achievement of
winning the bid to host the 2022 World
Cup Finals. Many had believed that
Qatar’s bid was like a
(5) dream. World Cup
finals taking place in the
(6) summer heat and
hosted by such a new and small
country, seemed (7) .
However, Qatar proved its determination
and persuaded FIFA that any doubts
were (8) . Revolutionary
cooling systems are being developed that
use solar power, which will eventually
benefit the lives of people beyond the
borders of Qatar and well after the World
Cup Finals. This, along with
(9) other innovations
and proposals that Qatar is developing
in preparation for the World Cup, ensure
that 2022 will be an (10)
year for football, throughout the Middle
East and beyond.
CAPABLE
POSSIBLE
LIKELY
EXPECT
HOPE
BEAR
CONCEIVE
JUSTIFY
COUNT
FORGET
A. Read the sentences below and correct
the mistakes in them.
1. I am learning English for six years now.
2. My brother gets married next Saturday.
3. The boys aren’t in their room. Do they play
in the garden?
4. Sue has gone to the USA several times.
5. I haven’t seen my sister since three weeks.
6. Emily has been reading three novels this
month.
B. Complete the blanks with the Present Simple, Present
Progressive, Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect
Progressive of the verbs in brackets.
Alice: Oxford is such an amazing place!
Debbie: I can’t believe you (1) (not be)
here before! You live so close!
Alice: I know. I (2) (plan) to come
down to Oxford for weeks. I have a friend who
(3) (live) here but I
(4) (just / not have) the time.
She (5) (come) to pick us up
later. She (6) (want) to take
us round the town. You see, coming to this University
Open Day (7) (give) me the
perfect opportunity to see Oxford.
Debbie: So what (8) (you / think) of
the university?
Alice: It’s very impressive. In fact, after what
I (9) (see) today,
I (10) (think) of applying.
Debbie: Me too. (11) (you / apply) to
any other universities?
Alice: Yes, two others, Manchester and Bristol.
I (12) (look) since September for
another university that does my course but
I (13) (not / find) one that
I (14) (like) as much as
Oxford. I (15) (just / hope) I
get the grades.
Debbie: Well, you got all A’s in the mock exams, so that
(16) (mean) you have got a
good chance.
grammar
Look at the extracts from the texts on pages
56-57 and answer the questions that follow.
1. P resent Simple -
Present Progressive -
Present Perfect Simple -
Present Perfect Progressive
2. PractiCe
1. Most youngsters dream of success; (Text
A, line 17)
2. ...we are not only securing their future
but the future of generations to come.
(Text A, lines 21-22)
3. Advances in technology, however, have
generated revolutionary applications
that could change the face of education
as we know it today. (Text Î’, lines 5-7)
4. However, in view of recent developments
in Internet and multimedia technologies,
we have been reassessing the potential
of online learning.
(Text Î’, lines 11-13)
Which of the extracts above refers to:
a. an activity that started some
time ago and still continues
b. an activity going on now or
nowadays
c. an action happening generally
or repeatedly
d. an action which happened in
the past and its results are
obvious in the present
Grammar Reference p. 110.
59
• How difficult do you think it is to work and study at the
same time?
You will hear two different extracts. For questions 1-4,
choose the answer (a, b or c) which fits best according
to what you hear.
1. Pre-listening
Read through the questions before listening to the
recording so you know what information to listen for.
Listen to the whole extract carefully before choosing
your answer.
Do not assume an answer choice is correct simply
because it contains a word or a phrase heard on the
recording.
You should think about what you hear on the recording
and then select the option that best answers the
question.
Listen to the recording a second time to confirm your
answer.
A
Discuss.
2. Listening for specific information
You hear part of an interview with a young website
designer who is studying full-time at university while
running his own business.
1. How did Steve feel about helping to support his family?
a. It gave him a sense of satisfaction to be a productive
member of the family.
b. He felt sorry for himself for missing out on a lot of
the things kids his age did.
c. He found working and
studying very stressful.
2. What does Steve think about
going to university?
a. It’s tested him and helped him
to expand his horizons.
b. It’s given him the chance to
broaden his social circle.
c. The Business and
Management courses
proved to be the most
useful ones.
• If you had to choose between attending a course at a
university and doing a course online, which would you
prefer and why?
• What are the advantages of taking an online course?
1. Pre-listening
B
Discuss.
2. Listening for specific information
You hear part of a radio interview with a university
professor discussing the topic of online learning.
3. How does the man try to convince listeners of the
benefits of e-learning?
a. by comparing e-learning to traditional learning
b. by listing the advantages of e-learning
c. by mentioning how few and insignificant the
disadvantages are
4. What is one conclusion the man reaches about
e-learning?
a. E-learning may not be for everyone and for all
situations.
b. Some of the drawbacks are so serious they may
overshadow all the advantages.
c. The low cost of e-learning is what attracts most
people to it.
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A. Think of one word only that can be used appropriately
in all three sentences. One of the three sentences in
each group has been taken from the listening activity.
After being vaccinated, you might a
slight fever.
I should be back in an hour or so; I just have a few
errands to .
How do you manage to study for a degree and
your own business?
I think at the of the day it was worth
going to university.
Don’t be so upset; it’s not the of the
world. You can always buy a new camera.
Dan would sit in his room playing computer games for
hours on .
I really don’t where we go for lunch
just as long as it’s not too far.
The experience served to broaden my
and challenge me.
your tongue, young man and don’t
let me hear you saying things like that about your
brother again!
1
2
3
words with mu ltiple meanings
B. Now match the words/phrases with the meanings
below.
a. manage
b. have higher body
temperature than
normal
c. go out and do or buy
a. without stopping
b. it’s not a serious
problem
c. taking everything
important into
consideration
1 2
3
C. Complete the sentences with the words used in
exercise A and decide which meaning a or b is correct.
a. awareness of things
b. care
c. watch
1. Does the justify the means?
a. purpose
b. frequency
2. Make up your ; are you coming or not?
a. be prepared
b. decide
3. I’m sure you’ll manage to do it if you set your to
it.
a. decide to do it and put effort into it
b. be ready and work carefully
4. He’s a liar and a hypocrite, and you should never have
trusted him. of story.
a. that’s how the story ended
b. those are the undeniable facts
5. Tim is much better at tennis than I am, but I gave him a
for his money.
a. made him pay for the use of the tennis court
b. didn’t let him win easily
grammar
Read the following examples and complete the
tables below with the missing words/phrases.
1. c an / could / be able to
At the time I was able to make some extra money on
the side.
Paul could swim at the age of three.
Distance learners with busy lifestyles are able to study
at any time.
ABILITY IN THE PRESENT
can
GENERAL ABILITY IN THE PAST
SPECIFIC ABILITY IN THE PAST
managed to
INABILITY IN THE PAST
couldn’t was/were not able/unable to
INABILITY IN THE PRESENT
am/is/are not able/unable to
ABILITY IN THE FUTURE
will be able to
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and
eight words including the word given.
2. PractiCe
1. Majed speaks both Arabic and German fluently. can
Majed both Arabic and
German fluently.
2. Tom told Felix that he could come to football
practice on the weekend. was
Tom told Felix that he
football practice on the weekend.
3. Nujood was unable to go to the wedding because
she was ill. could
Nujood to the wedding
because she was ill.
4. Even after hours of searching for the right path, the
Burden family still could not find their way home. manage
The Burden family
their way home even after hours of searching for the
right path.
5. I can’t remember the name of my first teacher,
but I will always remember his face. able
I remember the name of
my first teacher but I will always remember his face.
Grammar Reference p. 111.
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• What kind of leisure activities are popular with young people in your country?
• Do you do any leisure activities? Why/Why not?
1. warm-up
The way I see it...
From my point of view...
I definitely agree...
I can’t say that I agree...
• What do you think people can gain from taking part in such activities?
• Do you think young people should be encouraged to take up leisure activities?
• Do you think a person can learn everything there is to know simply by attending
school? What are some lessons that people learn from life?
• Is getting a good education/job the only way to be successful in life?
3. further discu ssion
outlet teamwork cooperation
mother nature improved health
good stamina broaden one’s horizons
determination experience
self-discipline better coordination
Talk in pairs. Here are some pictures showing different types of leisure activities. First talk to each other about
how important you think these activities are. Then decide which picture best reflects the benefits of doing leisure
activities. You can use some of the words/phrases in the box.
2. Specu lating and making a decision
Discuss the following questions. You can use some of the words/phrases in the box.
I think that... because... In this picture...
The activity in this/that picture...
This picture best reflects... because
creative arts improved health release tension
reading for pleasure soothing team sports relaxing
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Choose the correct answer a, b, c or d.
1. ‘Are you still working on that biology project?’
‘Yeah, longer than I expected.’
a. it takes
b. it took
c. it’s taking
d. it hasn’t taken
2. ‘Are you sure our Spanish friends this
Thursday?’
‘I’m positive so you’d better change your plans for the
weekend.’
a. come
b. are coming
c. coming
d. have come
3. ‘Where’s Bill? I haven’t seen him for some time.’
‘I think to his hometown to see his parents.’
a. he’s going
b. he’s been
c. he’s gone
d. he’s being
4. In the story I’m writing, two friends unexpectedly
their favourite football player at the
supermarket!
a. meet
b. met
c. have met
d. are meeting
5. Thanks to the hard work of our staff, we
more than 5,000 units this month alone.
a. sell
b. are selling
c. have sold
d. have been selling
6. I was afraid I wouldn’t be able to write an essay in
only half an hour, but in the end, I to finish
on time.
a. could
b. managed
c. can
d. couldn’t
7. Due to the rapid development of the tourist
industry in our country, more and more people
foreign languages.
a. learn
b. are learning
c. have learnt
d. learning
8. ‘Hey, Rose! Your garden looks really nice!’
‘I know, there all morning.’
a. I work
b. I’m working
c. I’ve worked
d. I’ve been working
9. I am sorry to say that I to fix your computer;
you will need to buy a new one.
a. was able
b. couldn’t
c. was unable
d. cannot
10. Did you hear that the regulations ? From now
on we have to enrol on optional courses during the
last week of August.
a. change
b. have changed
c. have been changing
d. are changed
11. ‘Do you think you can meet the deadline for the
sociology assignment?’
‘No way! Professor Holden this afternoon to
ask for some extra time.’
a. I see
b. I’m seeing
c. I’ve seen
d. I can see
12. to visit my aunt Clara for ages but I’m always
too busy to do it.
a. I mean
b. I’m meaning
c. I meant
d. I’ve been meaning
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1. discu ss
writing an informal letter based on prompts
February 2009
Passed exams. Relieved.
Can go back to enjoying
student life!
January 2009
Have exams. Stressed. Left
studying to last minute.
November 2008
Course difficult. Hard
to manage time. Tutors
friendly and helpful.
Enjoying student life.
Carl has been studying architecture at the University of Manchester for a year. His friend Salim has been offered a place to
study architecture at the same university but he’s not sure whether to accept as he also received an offer from another university.
He has written Carl a letter asking about Manchester University and what student life is like there.
Read the extracts from Salim’s letter and from Carl’s diary. Then using the information appropriately, write Carl’s reply to
Salim, which should include whether or not the university is recommended and why.
Read the rubric below and underline the key words. Then answer the questions that follow.
1. In which part of the letter does Carl say whether he
recommends Manchester University or not?
2. Which of Salim’s questions are answered in the second and
third paragraphs?
3. What extra comments or information does Carl include in his
letter?
4. In Carl’s letter, the wording is not the same as in his notes and
the extract of Salim’s letter. Find examples of how Carl has
rephrased the following points in his letter.
a. Manchester a nice city d. Ηard to manage time
b. Τutors friendly and helpful e. Have exams. Stressed
c. Course difficult
• If you were considering doing a course at a university abroad, what kind of information would you ask somebody
who had done the same course?
2. Focu s on audience and purpose
• What does the task require you to write? Who for?
• Should it be written in a formal or informal style? Why?
A. Read the extracts from Salim’s letter and
from Carl’s diary. Match Salim’s questions to
the information in Carl’s diary that answers
them.
3. Focu s on content and organisation B. Now read the letter that Carl wrote to Salim and answer
the questions that follow.
Dear Salim,
Thanks for your letter. I’m so happy to hear that
you’ve been accepted at Manchester University.
Congratulations! I think you should definitely accept the
offer. It’s a fantastic university and the city is amazing.
I think Manchester is a great place to be a student.
The university has over 30,000 students, so you are
bound to make new friends and, of course, you already
have one here! When I first arrived, I was worried that
I wouldn’t make any friends, but I moved into student
halls and living here has given me the opportunity to
meet lots of people from all around the world. I’ve also
learnt to become more independent.
My course is very challenging and it’s been tough
adjusting to managing my time. It was especially
stressful during the exam period in January, but all the
tutors are very approachable and easy to get on with
and have been very supportive. Why don’t you try to
come to an Open Day? That way you’ll meet some of the
tutors and other students, and you’ll also be able to see
what Manchester is like as a place.
I hope this has helped you make your decision. I’ll be
thinking of you and if you want to know anything else, do
contact me.
Yours,
Carl
October 2008
Meeting new people.
Manchester a nice city,
lots to do and see here.
September 2008
Moved into student
accommodation. Made
lots of new friends.
Do you think I’ll like it in Manchester?
Did you find it easy to make new friends?
Are the tutors friendly and helpful? I
know the university has an excellent
academic reputation so I’m certain the
standard of education will be very high.
Any tips would really help me!
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4. Focu s on style and register
a. exclamations
b. abbreviations and contractions
c. expression of personal opinion and feelings
d. use of first person singular
e. phrasal verbs
The following features are characteristic of an informal style. Find examples of them in Carl’s letter.
5. writing task
A. Read the rubric and underline the key words. What are you
required to write? To whom? About what?
Last summer, you spent two months at a language school in Torquay in the UK. A friend
of yours has written to you asking about it.
Read the extract from your friend’s letter and an advertisement for the language school
below. Then, using the information appropriately, write a letter to your friend saying
whether or not you would recommend the school and give your reasons.
Opening paragraph:
paragraph 1:
Main part
paragraph 2:
Closing paragraph:
B. Now read the extract from your friend’s letter
and the advertisement for the language school,
and answer the questions that follow.
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