Cultural differences
A. Discuss.
1.READING
• Think of gestures or customs that exist in your country.
Do you think they are the same everywhere around the world?
B. Guess the answers to the questions below. Then read
and check your answers.
2. What’s a common way for
people in Belgium to greet
each other?
a. They kiss three times on
the cheek.
b. They shake hands.
1. How do Saudis perfume
their houses and clothes?
a. They burn something.
b. They light candles. 3. What does pulling the skin down under
your eye mean in Japan?
a. Something is boring.
b. Something is interesting. They do it differently!
C. Read again and answer the questions.
1.
Why did they use bakhoor in Imbrahim’s
house?
2.
How did John first react when he saw
bakhoor burning?
3.
Why did Jack extend his hand?
4.
How did Jack feel when the man kissed
him?
5.
Why did Peter pull the skin down under
his eye?
6.
What did Peter do after the
misunderstanding?
I’m from Wisconsin, and when we meet someone for the first time, we usually shake
hands. Well, I had a big surprise in Belgium. When I was introduced to my friend’s brother,
something occurred, which made me feel uncomfortable. I said ‘hi’ to him, extending my
hand, and he came up to me and kissed me on the cheek, not once, but three times,
In Belgium, it’s common to greet someone by kissing three times.
Jack, Madison
going from one cheek to the other! Of course, I went red and they started laughing at me.
While I was in Saudi Arabia on a business trip, I was invited to a
was the first time I had been to a Saudi
house and I was impressed by the spectacular decoration. At lunch time,
my friend, Ibrahim, showed me into the dining room, where I met his four
sons. The boys were talking cheerfully about their day when a man came
when a wonderful smell interrupted my thoughts. Ibrahim explained that
it is a custom in Saudi Arabia to burn bakhoor, a kind of scented wood, to
create a pleasant atmosphere. It is also polite to use bakhoor have guests.
John, Boston
in the room, silently carrying a beautiful cup with something burning in it.
I was curious about it. I was about to ask Ibrahim to tell me more about it
when you
Saudi friend’s house for lunch. It 1. silently
a. without moving
b. without speaking
D. Look at the highlighted words/phrases in the texts and choose the correct meaning a or b.
2. was about to
a. was ready to
b. was afraid to
3. occurred
a. was said
b. happened
4. remove
a. take out
b. cover
5. clear up
a. explain
b. find out
Last year, I was invited to Japan by my friend Daiki. On the second day
of my visit, Daiki asked me if I wanted to go to his house for dinner and of course
I said ‘yes’. It was really enjoyable, but halfway through the night, I got something
in my eye. So, I tried to remove it with my finger. Daiki’s brother saw me and he
got really upset. I couldn’t understand why though. I asked Daiki why his brother
was angry with me and he told me that in Japan when you pull the skin down
under your eye, it shows that you find something boring. Later in the evening, I
apologised to Daiki’s brother and tried to clear up the misunderstanding, but I’m
not sure he believed me.
Peter, Miami
We know what feels normal and right to do in
our culture. But other cultures have customs and
gestures that are different and they may seem
strange to us. So, it’s easy to misunderstand
someone from a c culture that is different
from our own. Here are
a few examples:
106
VERBS + PREPOSITIONS
Look at the verbs in the box and use some of them to complete the sentences.
2.VOCABULARY
3.GRAMMAR
Read the examples and answer the questions.
REPORTED SPEECH (questions)
Grammar Reference p. 134
Use the verb to report commands
and the v • Which word do we use after asked when the erb to report requests.
question begins with a question word?
• Which word do we use after asked when we
report a Yes/No question?
• Are the verbs in reported questions in the
affirmative or in the question form?
Read the examples and complete the rule.
REPORTED SPEECH (commands-requests)
Don’t changes to not to.
NOTE
Complete the sentences using Reported Speech.
1. ‘What are you eating?’, Jeremy asked. Jeremy asked me
2. ‘Please let me borrow your jacket’, Fay said to her sister. Fay asked her sister
3. ‘Stop right there!’ the police officer said to the man. The police officer told the man
4. ‘Do you need any help?’ my father asked. My father asked me
5. ‘Don’t open that window!’ Hussein said to the children. Hussein told the children
6. ‘Why did you come back so soon?’ Ted asked me. Ted asked
4.PRACTICE
• apologise to someone for doing something
• smile at someone
• talk to/with someone about something
• laugh at someone/something
• forget about someone/something
• invite someone to something
• wait for someone/something
• introduce someone to someone else
• lie to someone about something
• argue with someone about something
DIRECT SPEECH
Sam: ‘Why is Dave angry with me?
Have I done something wrong?’
REPORTED SPEECH
Sam asked why Dave was angry with him.
Sam asked if/whether he had done something wrong.
DIRECT SPEECH
Steve: ‘Please don’t interrupt me. Be quiet!’
REPORTED SPEECH
Steve asked me not to interrupt him. He told me
to be quiet.
1. Let’s Ali to our house for
dinner next Saturday.
2. You should to Paul for being rude.
3. It’s not polite to at people when
they fall down.
4. Don’t about the appointment. It’s
at 8:30.
5. You can for Dr Saud in his
surgery. He’s on his way.
6. Sam didn’t want to to his family
about where he was.
7. My sisters always with each other
about the housework.
E. Discuss.
• Have any misunderstandings like the ones in the texts ever happened to you?
• Have you heard of any happening to other people?
107
A. Discuss.
1.READING
• Think of gestures or customs that exist in your country.
Do you think they are the same everywhere around the world?
B. Guess the answers to the questions below. Then read
and check your answers.
2. What’s a common way for
people in Belgium to greet
each other?
a. They kiss three times on
the cheek.
b. They shake hands.
1. How do Saudis perfume
their houses and clothes?
a. They burn something.
b. They light candles. 3. What does pulling the skin down under
your eye mean in Japan?
a. Something is boring.
b. Something is interesting. They do it differently!
C. Read again and answer the questions.
1.
Why did they use bakhoor in Imbrahim’s
house?
2.
How did John first react when he saw
bakhoor burning?
3.
Why did Jack extend his hand?
4.
How did Jack feel when the man kissed
him?
5.
Why did Peter pull the skin down under
his eye?
6.
What did Peter do after the
misunderstanding?
I’m from Wisconsin, and when we meet someone for the first time, we usually shake
hands. Well, I had a big surprise in Belgium. When I was introduced to my friend’s brother,
something occurred, which made me feel uncomfortable. I said ‘hi’ to him, extending my
hand, and he came up to me and kissed me on the cheek, not once, but three times,
In Belgium, it’s common to greet someone by kissing three times.
Jack, Madison
going from one cheek to the other! Of course, I went red and they started laughing at me.
While I was in Saudi Arabia on a business trip, I was invited to a
was the first time I had been to a Saudi
house and I was impressed by the spectacular decoration. At lunch time,
my friend, Ibrahim, showed me into the dining room, where I met his four
sons. The boys were talking cheerfully about their day when a man came
when a wonderful smell interrupted my thoughts. Ibrahim explained that
it is a custom in Saudi Arabia to burn bakhoor, a kind of scented wood, to
create a pleasant atmosphere. It is also polite to use bakhoor have guests.
John, Boston
in the room, silently carrying a beautiful cup with something burning in it.
I was curious about it. I was about to ask Ibrahim to tell me more about it
when you
Saudi friend’s house for lunch. It 1. silently
a. without moving
b. without speaking
D. Look at the highlighted words/phrases in the texts and choose the correct meaning a or b.
2. was about to
a. was ready to
b. was afraid to
3. occurred
a. was said
b. happened
4. remove
a. take out
b. cover
5. clear up
a. explain
b. find out
Last year, I was invited to Japan by my friend Daiki. On the second day
of my visit, Daiki asked me if I wanted to go to his house for dinner and of course
I said ‘yes’. It was really enjoyable, but halfway through the night, I got something
in my eye. So, I tried to remove it with my finger. Daiki’s brother saw me and he
got really upset. I couldn’t understand why though. I asked Daiki why his brother
was angry with me and he told me that in Japan when you pull the skin down
under your eye, it shows that you find something boring. Later in the evening, I
apologised to Daiki’s brother and tried to clear up the misunderstanding, but I’m
not sure he believed me.
Peter, Miami
We know what feels normal and right to do in
our culture. But other cultures have customs and
gestures that are different and they may seem
strange to us. So, it’s easy to misunderstand
someone from a c culture that is different
from our own. Here are
a few examples:
106
VERBS + PREPOSITIONS
Look at the verbs in the box and use some of them to complete the sentences.
2.VOCABULARY
3.GRAMMAR
Read the examples and answer the questions.
REPORTED SPEECH (questions)
Grammar Reference p. 134
Use the verb to report commands
and the v • Which word do we use after asked when the erb to report requests.
question begins with a question word?
• Which word do we use after asked when we
report a Yes/No question?
• Are the verbs in reported questions in the
affirmative or in the question form?
Read the examples and complete the rule.
REPORTED SPEECH (commands-requests)
Don’t changes to not to.
NOTE
Complete the sentences using Reported Speech.
1. ‘What are you eating?’, Jeremy asked. Jeremy asked me
2. ‘Please let me borrow your jacket’, Fay said to her sister. Fay asked her sister
3. ‘Stop right there!’ the police officer said to the man. The police officer told the man
4. ‘Do you need any help?’ my father asked. My father asked me
5. ‘Don’t open that window!’ Hussein said to the children. Hussein told the children
6. ‘Why did you come back so soon?’ Ted asked me. Ted asked
4.PRACTICE
• apologise to someone for doing something
• smile at someone
• talk to/with someone about something
• laugh at someone/something
• forget about someone/something
• invite someone to something
• wait for someone/something
• introduce someone to someone else
• lie to someone about something
• argue with someone about something
DIRECT SPEECH
Sam: ‘Why is Dave angry with me?
Have I done something wrong?’
REPORTED SPEECH
Sam asked why Dave was angry with him.
Sam asked if/whether he had done something wrong.
DIRECT SPEECH
Steve: ‘Please don’t interrupt me. Be quiet!’
REPORTED SPEECH
Steve asked me not to interrupt him. He told me
to be quiet.
1. Let’s Ali to our house for
dinner next Saturday.
2. You should to Paul for being rude.
3. It’s not polite to at people when
they fall down.
4. Don’t about the appointment. It’s
at 8:30.
5. You can for Dr Saud in his
surgery. He’s on his way.
6. Sam didn’t want to to his family
about where he was.
7. My sisters always with each other
about the housework.
E. Discuss.
• Have any misunderstandings like the ones in the texts ever happened to you?
• Have you heard of any happening to other people?
107
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