تعبير تقرير
برجراف فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص
جاهز باللغة الانجليزي
تعبير بالانجليزي عن. تقرير جاهز عن. عندي بحث بالانجليزي
عن
جغرافيا لبنان الموقع; المُناخ; التضاريس. الجغرافيا والمناخ
سهول لبنان سلسلة جبال لبنان الغربية اسماء
جبال لبنان
لبنان الطبيعية موقع لبنان جغرافيا لبنان الصف التاسع
بيئة لبنان البيئة في لبنان-مشاكل وحلول اللبنانيين البيئة تقرير عن البيئة في لبنان قضية بيئية او اجتماعية واقع
البيئة اللبناني كتابة رسالة الى البيئة
Geography and landscapes Lebanon
Located on the eastern shores of the
Mediterranean, Lebanon is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel
to the south. This country, one of the smallest in the world, an area of 10 452 km², stretches about 200 km from
north to south and 50 km from west to east. Despite its modest size, it has
extremely diverse geographical areas.
The littoral zone
It comprises a coast pursued from a plain
towards the interior. The coastal zone extends from north to south, very narrow
and cut. It is characterized by cliffs and gravel beaches. It brings together
the main cities.
The plain
The plain, also very narrow (from 3 to 7
km) comes along the coast and ends inside on the chain of Mount Lebanon. It
extends from the north to the south, reaching altitudes from 3,088 m (Kornet el
Saouda) to 1,809 m (Jabal Niha). The chain is 160 km long and 30 km wide on
average. Further east, the chain descends steeply over the Beqaa plain, which
runs along the coast for 150 km at an altitude of 1,000 m.
The plain contains the sources of two
rivers, Assi and Litani. It is an important area of agricultural and wine production and,
until recently, cannabis cultivation. The slopes of this valley are very
gentle, with a ridge located near Baalbeck at 1100 m, where the plain mingles
with the foothills of Anti-Lebanon. This very arid massif rises to the east of
the Beqaa plain, forming a natural border with Syria.
Ecology
Cedar, a symbol tree of Lebanon, is found mainly in the mountainous regions, especially in Bcharré and near Barouk in the
Chouf mountains. In biblical times, large cedar forests covered most of the
country. Nevertheless, Lebanon remains the country with the most dense forests
in the Middle East: there are many varieties of mountain pine and fruit tree
crops in most of the coastal strip.
The country is also home to many bird
species: birds of prey in the mountains and in the nature reserve near Ehden
and seabirds in the Palm Islands Park, off Tripoli. In the waters surrounding
the latter, there are also green turtles and Mediterranean monk seals.
However, the ecology suffered from the
civil war (1975-1990) and the wild industrialization.
Environment
A survey conducted by the monthly
Environment and Development showed in June 2013 that nearly half of the bathing
points tested were seriously polluted and dangerous for health (risk of skin
infections and diarrhea). Among the most stained beaches are the public beach
of Beirut, in Ramlet El-Baïda, and the beaches of the Jounieh region.
This is due to the lack of functional
wastewater treatment plants that perform all the treatment cycles, and to
faulty management of wastewater and poor maintenance of the pipes. All this is
due to a lack of financial means. But releases of industrial waste in the
Mediterranean are also involved.
Six treatment plants are to be installed
in Lebanon by 2020.
In recent years, NGOs have organized
bathers awareness campaigns and waste cleaning operations.
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