homonym examples
vocabulary WORDS WITH SIMILAR SPELLING AND /OR PRONUNCIATION
1 Rewrite the sentences below using a participle clause.
A. Look at the following extracts taken from the
listening section and note the words in bold. Can
you think of any other words starting with re- and
ending in -ain?
Tutankhamun, the boy pharaoh, retains an enduring grasp
on our popular imagination.
Just one king remained...
1. After the hurricane, all that was left of our house was a
pile of .
a. rabble b. rubble
c. ramble d. rumble
2. Our company uses lorries and ships in order to
various consumer goods from one country to another.
a. transform b. transport
c. transmit d. transfer
3. It took the firefighters hours to the fire that
broke out in the warehouse.
a. extinguish b. distinguish
c. relinquish d. vanquish
4. I think Jason to win the prize; he performed
the best in the competition.
a. preserves b. reserves
c. conserves d. deserves
5. The manager’s speech any fears that the
factory would be closing down.
a. dispensed b. dispersed
c. dispelled d. displeased
B. In exercises testing vocabulary in an examination,
the options are sometimes words with a similar
form (spelling and/or pronunciation) but with quite
different meanings. Read the sentences and choose
the word that best completes each sentence.
grammar
1. PARTI CIPLES AND PARTI CIPLE CLA USES
Read the examples and answer the questions that
follow.
1. Feeling increasingly unwell, Carnarvon travelled to
Cairo...
• Who was feeling increasingly unwell?
• What does the sentence above mean?
a. Carnarvon was feeling increasingly unwell
and travelled to Cairo
b. Although Carnarvon was feeling
increasingly unwell, he travelled to Cairo
2. Practice
• Why was he a skilled archaeologist?
• What does the form having trained suggest?
a. that he had training at an earlier time
b. that he hadn’t completed his training
c. that he was having training while doing
something else at the same time
2. Having trained alongside some of Egypt’s foremost
excavators, he was now a skilled archaeologist.
Grammar Reference p. 114.
• What could be used instead of rubbed in the example
above?
a. if it is rubbed
b. when they rubbed
c. before it was rubbed
3. Rubbed with special oils and wrapped in cloth, a
dead body can be preserved for a long time.
1. We didn’t know the way to the Archaeological Museum so we asked for directions.
2. First they took off their shoes and then they entered the building through the main entrance.
3. As we were worried about the weather, we decided to cancel our day trip.
4. The Rock of Gibraltar looms south of the Spanish border and symbolises strength and stability.
5. If you mix this substance with water, it changes to a brownish colour.
grammar
vocabulary & grammar
95
1. Discu ss
• If you were visiting a foreign country and wanted to learn more about its culture, which of the following would interest
you most? Why?
3. Fu rther discu ssion
• Which two activities in the pictures above do you find the most appealing? Why?
• In what ways are cultural activities important for society?
lively atmosphere pleasurable share an experience
enrich our lives stimulate our imagination
experience different emotions a sense of identity
I would say that...
The two most appealing to me are...
The ones that appeal to me most are...
2. specu lating and making a decision
Talk in pairs. Look at the pictures C and D and talk about how the people in these two pictures feel. Then, look at
all the pictures. Imagine that your school is organising an exhibition entitled ‘Aspects of our culture’. Talk together
about the various aspects of culture represented in the pictures. Then suggest two other aspects of culture that you
would like to see represented in the exhibition.
visiting a museum visiting historical / archaeological sites
eating local dishes attending a local ceremony, like a wedding
fascinated invigorated excited
sense of achievement content
exhibit art gallery
I think that... It seems that...
It looks like... From what I can see,...
96
A. Read the text below and decide which answer a, b, c or d best fits each gap.
Historians have long been puzzled by the demise of
the Akkad culture of central Iraq around 4000 years
ago. Not to (1) the simultaneous disappearance of the Egyptian kingdom (2) the building of the great
pyramids, together with hundreds of (3) settlements in Palestine. In 2001, satellite images of southern Iraq revealed
(4) appears to be a relatively recent 3km-wide impact crater, (5) that the Middle East was struck by a meteor
(6) blasted the area (7) the violence of hundreds of H-bombs.
Around 3600 years ago, settlements (8) the volcanic Mediterranean island of Thera were annihilated by a titanic
eruption. The aftermath, (9) included a large tsunami, is believed to have triggered the collapse of the famed Minoan
(10) on Crete.
Many researchers believe the civilisation of Atlantis (11) its end around 12,000 years ago. If so, this could link
Atlantis (12) perhaps the most famous catastrophe of them all: a great flood. Accounts of a catastrophic flood
(13) devastated the whole world turn (14) in the mythology of many ancient cultures, from Mexico
(15) China. They may all be references to the devastation (16) by the 100-metre rise in sea-level (17)
followed the melting of the ice sheets around 10,000 years ago. Geological studies (18) the Mediterranean burst
through into the Black Sea, inundating the whole area. (19) the time, it would truly have seemed as if the (20)
world had been flooded.
1. a. say b. forget c. mention d. ignore
2. a. follow b. follows c. followed d. following
3. a. early b. first c. original d. timely
4. a. it b. that c. what d. which
5. a. suggested b. suggesting c. provided d. providing
6. a. who b. which c. and d. impact
7. a. in b. at c. with d. by
8. a. on b. where c. built d. and
9. a. which b. that c. had d. being
10. a. tradition b. history c. society d. civilisation
11. a. found b. met c. came d. made
12. a. and b. whose c. to d. considering
13. a. was b. were c. had d. that
14. a. up b. out c. in d. on
15. a. and b. till c. to d. in
16. a. not b. caused c. which d. destroyed
17. a. was b. had c. that d. it
18. a. which b. suggest c. in d. suggesting
19. a. In b. By c. At d. For
20. a. whole b. most c. old d. total
B. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first, using the word given. Do not change
the word given. You must use between two and eight words including the word given.
1. The picture displayed in the town hall was painted by Steve. that
Steve in the town hall.
2. In the end, they decided not to go sightseeing because they felt tired. feeling
In the end, , they decided not to go sightseeing.
3. The university where I studied was famous not only for its excellent sports facilties but its impressive modern
architecture too. at
Not only was the university famous for its excellent sports facilities
but its impressive modern architecture too.
4. We stayed in a hotel situated right on the harbour with spectacular views of the fishing boats and yachts. where
The hotel right on the harbour with spectacular views of the
fishing boats and yachts.
5. The new manager seems very hard-working and I have already seen him taking work home with him in the who
evenings.
The new manager, taking work home with him in the evenings,
seems very hard-working.
6. They didn’t want to fail the exam so, instead of going to play football, they stayed at home and revised. not
Instead of going to play football, , they stayed at home and revised.
vocabulary WORDS WITH SIMILAR SPELLING AND /OR PRONUNCIATION
1 Rewrite the sentences below using a participle clause.
A. Look at the following extracts taken from the
listening section and note the words in bold. Can
you think of any other words starting with re- and
ending in -ain?
Tutankhamun, the boy pharaoh, retains an enduring grasp
on our popular imagination.
Just one king remained...
1. After the hurricane, all that was left of our house was a
pile of .
a. rabble b. rubble
c. ramble d. rumble
2. Our company uses lorries and ships in order to
various consumer goods from one country to another.
a. transform b. transport
c. transmit d. transfer
3. It took the firefighters hours to the fire that
broke out in the warehouse.
a. extinguish b. distinguish
c. relinquish d. vanquish
4. I think Jason to win the prize; he performed
the best in the competition.
a. preserves b. reserves
c. conserves d. deserves
5. The manager’s speech any fears that the
factory would be closing down.
a. dispensed b. dispersed
c. dispelled d. displeased
B. In exercises testing vocabulary in an examination,
the options are sometimes words with a similar
form (spelling and/or pronunciation) but with quite
different meanings. Read the sentences and choose
the word that best completes each sentence.
grammar
1. PARTI CIPLES AND PARTI CIPLE CLA USES
Read the examples and answer the questions that
follow.
1. Feeling increasingly unwell, Carnarvon travelled to
Cairo...
• Who was feeling increasingly unwell?
• What does the sentence above mean?
a. Carnarvon was feeling increasingly unwell
and travelled to Cairo
b. Although Carnarvon was feeling
increasingly unwell, he travelled to Cairo
2. Practice
• Why was he a skilled archaeologist?
• What does the form having trained suggest?
a. that he had training at an earlier time
b. that he hadn’t completed his training
c. that he was having training while doing
something else at the same time
2. Having trained alongside some of Egypt’s foremost
excavators, he was now a skilled archaeologist.
Grammar Reference p. 114.
• What could be used instead of rubbed in the example
above?
a. if it is rubbed
b. when they rubbed
c. before it was rubbed
3. Rubbed with special oils and wrapped in cloth, a
dead body can be preserved for a long time.
1. We didn’t know the way to the Archaeological Museum so we asked for directions.
2. First they took off their shoes and then they entered the building through the main entrance.
3. As we were worried about the weather, we decided to cancel our day trip.
4. The Rock of Gibraltar looms south of the Spanish border and symbolises strength and stability.
5. If you mix this substance with water, it changes to a brownish colour.
grammar
vocabulary & grammar
95
1. Discu ss
• If you were visiting a foreign country and wanted to learn more about its culture, which of the following would interest
you most? Why?
3. Fu rther discu ssion
• Which two activities in the pictures above do you find the most appealing? Why?
• In what ways are cultural activities important for society?
lively atmosphere pleasurable share an experience
enrich our lives stimulate our imagination
experience different emotions a sense of identity
I would say that...
The two most appealing to me are...
The ones that appeal to me most are...
2. specu lating and making a decision
Talk in pairs. Look at the pictures C and D and talk about how the people in these two pictures feel. Then, look at
all the pictures. Imagine that your school is organising an exhibition entitled ‘Aspects of our culture’. Talk together
about the various aspects of culture represented in the pictures. Then suggest two other aspects of culture that you
would like to see represented in the exhibition.
visiting a museum visiting historical / archaeological sites
eating local dishes attending a local ceremony, like a wedding
fascinated invigorated excited
sense of achievement content
exhibit art gallery
I think that... It seems that...
It looks like... From what I can see,...
96
A. Read the text below and decide which answer a, b, c or d best fits each gap.
Historians have long been puzzled by the demise of
the Akkad culture of central Iraq around 4000 years
ago. Not to (1) the simultaneous disappearance of the Egyptian kingdom (2) the building of the great
pyramids, together with hundreds of (3) settlements in Palestine. In 2001, satellite images of southern Iraq revealed
(4) appears to be a relatively recent 3km-wide impact crater, (5) that the Middle East was struck by a meteor
(6) blasted the area (7) the violence of hundreds of H-bombs.
Around 3600 years ago, settlements (8) the volcanic Mediterranean island of Thera were annihilated by a titanic
eruption. The aftermath, (9) included a large tsunami, is believed to have triggered the collapse of the famed Minoan
(10) on Crete.
Many researchers believe the civilisation of Atlantis (11) its end around 12,000 years ago. If so, this could link
Atlantis (12) perhaps the most famous catastrophe of them all: a great flood. Accounts of a catastrophic flood
(13) devastated the whole world turn (14) in the mythology of many ancient cultures, from Mexico
(15) China. They may all be references to the devastation (16) by the 100-metre rise in sea-level (17)
followed the melting of the ice sheets around 10,000 years ago. Geological studies (18) the Mediterranean burst
through into the Black Sea, inundating the whole area. (19) the time, it would truly have seemed as if the (20)
world had been flooded.
1. a. say b. forget c. mention d. ignore
2. a. follow b. follows c. followed d. following
3. a. early b. first c. original d. timely
4. a. it b. that c. what d. which
5. a. suggested b. suggesting c. provided d. providing
6. a. who b. which c. and d. impact
7. a. in b. at c. with d. by
8. a. on b. where c. built d. and
9. a. which b. that c. had d. being
10. a. tradition b. history c. society d. civilisation
11. a. found b. met c. came d. made
12. a. and b. whose c. to d. considering
13. a. was b. were c. had d. that
14. a. up b. out c. in d. on
15. a. and b. till c. to d. in
16. a. not b. caused c. which d. destroyed
17. a. was b. had c. that d. it
18. a. which b. suggest c. in d. suggesting
19. a. In b. By c. At d. For
20. a. whole b. most c. old d. total
B. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first, using the word given. Do not change
the word given. You must use between two and eight words including the word given.
1. The picture displayed in the town hall was painted by Steve. that
Steve in the town hall.
2. In the end, they decided not to go sightseeing because they felt tired. feeling
In the end, , they decided not to go sightseeing.
3. The university where I studied was famous not only for its excellent sports facilties but its impressive modern
architecture too. at
Not only was the university famous for its excellent sports facilities
but its impressive modern architecture too.
4. We stayed in a hotel situated right on the harbour with spectacular views of the fishing boats and yachts. where
The hotel right on the harbour with spectacular views of the
fishing boats and yachts.
5. The new manager seems very hard-working and I have already seen him taking work home with him in the who
evenings.
The new manager, taking work home with him in the evenings,
seems very hard-working.
6. They didn’t want to fail the exam so, instead of going to play football, they stayed at home and revised. not
Instead of going to play football, , they stayed at home and revised.
Post a Comment