CABIN CREW CAREERS
grammar
Read the following examples.
1. P ast Simple – Past Progressive –
Past Perfect Simple –
Past Perfect Progressive
1. We stayed at a luxurious hotel in Bangkok.
2. I decided to buy a vase I had seen in a shop
opposite the hotel.
3. It was evident that something very exciting
was happening in the market place.
Which of the extracts above refers to:
a. an activity which was in progress
at a point of time in the past
b. a completed action in the past
c. an action which happened
before another action in the past
2. Practice
A. Read the sentences below. Some of them contain
mistakes. Tick the correct sentences and correct the
mistakes in the others.
1. I had been learning English for six years before I
decided to study in the UK.
2. The boys were watching TV in their room when they
heard a loud scream coming from downstairs.
3. I read a book when suddenly the lights went out.
4. I hadn’t realised it was Michael until he had taken off
his mask.
5. We checked in, went through passport control and
rushed to our departure gate. Unfortunately, boarding
finished two minutes before.
B. Complete the blanks with the Past Simple, Past Progressive, Past Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Progressive of
the verbs in brackets.
Last year, I (1)
(go) on an exciting safari holiday
in Namibia with my cousin. I
remember it (2)
(rain) continuously for several
days in Brussels before we
(3) (leave), so
I couldn’t wait to board the plane
which (4) (head)
for sunnier climes. Our safari
holiday (5) (be)
unique in that, unlike many other
safari holidays, the aim was not
just to show a bunch of tourists
some wild animals; while on
holiday we would be volunteering
at a conservation centre. On our
first night in the bush, while the
biologists (6)
(entertain) everyone with tales, I
(7) (sit) back
and (8) (gaze)
at the patterns made by the stars.
At one stage, I (9)
(get) up to stretch when all of a
sudden I (10)
(see) a huge creature nestled on
my cousin’s shoulder. Apparently, it
was just a stick insect. Not like any
stick insect I (11)
(ever / see); it was as big as my
forearm! The next day we
(12) (set) off
early; our task was to make a note
of any wildlife we saw.
While we (13)
(walk) through the thick forest, we
(14) (hear) birds
and monkeys chattering in the
trees. The next day, while we
(15) (travel)
to a nearby village, we
(16) (spot) a
herd of elephants crossing a road.
All too quickly our two weeks in
Namibia (17)
(draw) to a close and we
(18) (find)
ourselves back at home. Although
we were a little sad, we both felt a
tremendous sense of satisfaction as
we (19) (not only
/ visit) a beautiful part of the world,
but we (20)
(also / make) our own small positive
contribution.
Grammar Reference p. 112.
83
1. Pre-listening
Keep the topic the speakers are talking about in mind and try to
predict what kinds of attitudes and opinions they will express.
Listen to the extracts carefully. Don’t try to understand every
detail and don’t get distracted if you don’t understand every
word. Focus on understanding the speaker’s main point,
attitude, feeling or opinion.
Discuss.
2. Listening for gist
a. a cycling holiday
b. a skiing holiday
c. a working holiday
d. a relaxing holiday
e. an adventure holiday
f. a camping holiday
g. a cruise
h. a city break
3. LISTENING TO IDENTIF Y ATTIT UDES
You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking
about different types of holidays. Choose from the list (a-h)
the type of holiday that the person is talking about.
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
a. a longing to relive the experience
b. commitment to change their lifestyle
c. sadness that they were leaving a place
d. delight with the range of activities on offer
e. a feeling of well-being
f. reluctance to do it again
g. ability to overcome a fear
h. dissatisfaction with an aspect of their holiday
Now, choose from the list (a-h) what each
speaker expresses.
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
Look at the following types of holidays. Which of them do you find most appealing? Why?
a cycling holiday a skiing holiday a working holiday a relaxing holiday
an adventure holiday a camping holiday a cruise a city break
84
Grammar Reference p. 113.
Which of the sentences refers to:
a. an activity which someone intended to do
but finally didn’t
b. a permanent past state
c. typical behaviour in the past
A. The sentence below has been taken from the
listening activity. Read it and choose the correct
meaning of the idiom in bold.
B. Match the idioms in bold in the two groups of
sentences 1-10 with the corresponding feelings/
emotions in the boxes.
1. My wife is very interested in ancient Egypt and when
she discovered we would be visiting the Valley of the
Kings, she was over the moon.
a. absolutely delighted b. totally disinterested
1. I wouldn’t be caught dead wearing a hat like that.
2. Henry woke up late, got a flat tyre on the way to work
and spilt coffee on his shirt during lunch. Getting
stuck in the lift when he was leaving the office was
the last straw!
3. A whole month of cloudy skies and rainy weather has
been making me feel down in the dumps.
4. It was a cold, stormy night with endless peals of
thunder and bright streaks of lightning; at one point
the wind blew the window open and I nearly jumped
out of my skin.
5. Don’t expect Mrs Evans to feel sorry for you because
you had the flu and couldn’t finish your project on
time. She’s hard as nails.
depressed exasperation fear
showing no sympathy shame/embarrassment
6. Amina has been on cloud nine ever since she won the
poetry competition.
7. It makes my blood boil to see people treat animals
with such cruelty.
8. Whenever I go out, my mother wants to know every
single detail about where I’m going, who I’m going
with and how long I’ll be out for, and it really drives
me up the wall.
9. Nasir has been walking on air ever since he got the
scholarship to the London School of Economics.
10. The sound of the wolves howling in the distance sent
chills down my spine.
annoyance fright/horror
happy because something wonderful happened
to cause a feeling of great anger
idioms
grammar
1. u sed to – would – was/were
going to – was/were about to
Read the following examples and answer the
question that follows.
1. There used to be a big park on the site where the
shopping centre is situated.
2. Whenever it was warm and sunny, the children
would go for a leisurely walk in the nearby forest.
3. I was going/about to send him an
e-mail with all the information but he called me at
my office so I told him everything over the phone.
vocabulary
1. When Mansour was younger, he was going for long
walks in the countryside.
2. I would leave for work when I realised I was still
wearing my slippers.
3. She used to eat a lot of chocolate but now she doesn’t
eat any.
4. He was travelling by train whenever he had to go to
London because he didn’t like to drive.
5. There would be a bakery on the corner but it closed
last month.
6. I was about to leaving when the telephone rang.
7. As a child he would always read before going to bed.
8. They used to be walking to school but now they take
the bus.
2. Practice
Read the sentences below. Some of them contain
mistakes. Tick the correct sentences and correct the
mistakes in the others.
vocabulary & grammar
85
1. Discu ss
• What places would you like to travel to? Who with?
• What means of transport do you prefer when you travel?
Student A : What do young people gain from going
to a summer camp in a foreign country?
• fraternity
• education
• recreation
Is there anything you would like to add?
Is there anything you don’t agree with?
Student B : Is it preferable to go on a package holiday
or to travel independently?
• planning
• price
• flexibility
What do you think?
How does this differ in your experience?
make friends experience new cultures
learn new skills gain self-confidence
3. Fu rther discu ssion
• People travel more than they did in the past. Why do you think this is?
• ‘Getting there is half the fun’. How far do you agree with this?
easy access to cheap flights Internet booking
escape the stress of modern life media exposure to other cultures
I agree up to a point...
I can’t say I agree that...
It may be true that... but...
I agree one hundred percent that...
2. Ex pounding on a topic
Talk in pairs. Look at the question and the ideas on the prompt card and say what you think. You can use some of the
words and phrases in the boxes. Then, your partner will briefly respond to the questions that follow.
interact with local people restricted timetable
time-consuming planning issues of safety
86
A. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and eight words, including the word given.
1. Ηasan wasn’t always as lazy as that. be
Ηasan lazy.
2. We waited at our gate for two hours and then they made an announcement that our flight was cancelled. waiting
When they announced that our flight was cancelled, for two hours.
3. I intended to wash the car but then John came over and I never got round to it. about
I but then John came over and I never got round to it.
4. After we had arrived at our destination, I woke up. until
I we had arrived at our destination.
5. When we got to the bus terminal, the last bus had already left. time
The last bus had left to the bus terminal.
6. As a boy Jason was in the habit of biting his nails. would
Jason was a boy.
7. In the middle of our flight to Muscat we heard a funny noise coming from the cockpit. while
We heard a funny noise coming from the cockpit Muscat.
8. I hadn’t tried sushi before and I liked it. time
It was sushi and I liked it.
1. The university was famous for the of its students, who were from all over the world and from very different
backgrounds.
a. diversity b. wealth c. resources d. fluency
2. As the plane approached the airport, the flight instructed the passengers to fasten their seat belts.
a. pilot b. attendant c. agent d. assistant
3. The teacher at the students at the back of the class who wouldn’t stop talking.
a. peered b. glared c. gazed d. glimpsed
4. After work yesterday, we had dinner at Gino’s restaurant as it was walking distance of our office.
a. under b. in c. at d. within
5. Hussein and his family prefer to stay in large hotels that offer a variety of modern for all the family to
enjoy.
a. amenities b. destinations c. resorts d. views
6. At the company, staff are for sick pay after having worked for at least three months.
a. allowed b. reserved c. able d. eligible
7. When going to a job interview, it is important to take care of your , as first impressions count.
a. reference b. appearance c. finances d. description
8. Paris is one of the most popular tourist destinations due to the many tourist it offers to visitors.
a. attractions b. appearances c. palaces d. resorts
B. Choose the word or phrase which most appropriately completes the sentence.
grammar
Read the following examples.
1. P ast Simple – Past Progressive –
Past Perfect Simple –
Past Perfect Progressive
1. We stayed at a luxurious hotel in Bangkok.
2. I decided to buy a vase I had seen in a shop
opposite the hotel.
3. It was evident that something very exciting
was happening in the market place.
Which of the extracts above refers to:
a. an activity which was in progress
at a point of time in the past
b. a completed action in the past
c. an action which happened
before another action in the past
2. Practice
A. Read the sentences below. Some of them contain
mistakes. Tick the correct sentences and correct the
mistakes in the others.
1. I had been learning English for six years before I
decided to study in the UK.
2. The boys were watching TV in their room when they
heard a loud scream coming from downstairs.
3. I read a book when suddenly the lights went out.
4. I hadn’t realised it was Michael until he had taken off
his mask.
5. We checked in, went through passport control and
rushed to our departure gate. Unfortunately, boarding
finished two minutes before.
B. Complete the blanks with the Past Simple, Past Progressive, Past Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Progressive of
the verbs in brackets.
Last year, I (1)
(go) on an exciting safari holiday
in Namibia with my cousin. I
remember it (2)
(rain) continuously for several
days in Brussels before we
(3) (leave), so
I couldn’t wait to board the plane
which (4) (head)
for sunnier climes. Our safari
holiday (5) (be)
unique in that, unlike many other
safari holidays, the aim was not
just to show a bunch of tourists
some wild animals; while on
holiday we would be volunteering
at a conservation centre. On our
first night in the bush, while the
biologists (6)
(entertain) everyone with tales, I
(7) (sit) back
and (8) (gaze)
at the patterns made by the stars.
At one stage, I (9)
(get) up to stretch when all of a
sudden I (10)
(see) a huge creature nestled on
my cousin’s shoulder. Apparently, it
was just a stick insect. Not like any
stick insect I (11)
(ever / see); it was as big as my
forearm! The next day we
(12) (set) off
early; our task was to make a note
of any wildlife we saw.
While we (13)
(walk) through the thick forest, we
(14) (hear) birds
and monkeys chattering in the
trees. The next day, while we
(15) (travel)
to a nearby village, we
(16) (spot) a
herd of elephants crossing a road.
All too quickly our two weeks in
Namibia (17)
(draw) to a close and we
(18) (find)
ourselves back at home. Although
we were a little sad, we both felt a
tremendous sense of satisfaction as
we (19) (not only
/ visit) a beautiful part of the world,
but we (20)
(also / make) our own small positive
contribution.
Grammar Reference p. 112.
83
1. Pre-listening
Keep the topic the speakers are talking about in mind and try to
predict what kinds of attitudes and opinions they will express.
Listen to the extracts carefully. Don’t try to understand every
detail and don’t get distracted if you don’t understand every
word. Focus on understanding the speaker’s main point,
attitude, feeling or opinion.
Discuss.
2. Listening for gist
a. a cycling holiday
b. a skiing holiday
c. a working holiday
d. a relaxing holiday
e. an adventure holiday
f. a camping holiday
g. a cruise
h. a city break
3. LISTENING TO IDENTIF Y ATTIT UDES
You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking
about different types of holidays. Choose from the list (a-h)
the type of holiday that the person is talking about.
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
a. a longing to relive the experience
b. commitment to change their lifestyle
c. sadness that they were leaving a place
d. delight with the range of activities on offer
e. a feeling of well-being
f. reluctance to do it again
g. ability to overcome a fear
h. dissatisfaction with an aspect of their holiday
Now, choose from the list (a-h) what each
speaker expresses.
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
Look at the following types of holidays. Which of them do you find most appealing? Why?
a cycling holiday a skiing holiday a working holiday a relaxing holiday
an adventure holiday a camping holiday a cruise a city break
84
Grammar Reference p. 113.
Which of the sentences refers to:
a. an activity which someone intended to do
but finally didn’t
b. a permanent past state
c. typical behaviour in the past
A. The sentence below has been taken from the
listening activity. Read it and choose the correct
meaning of the idiom in bold.
B. Match the idioms in bold in the two groups of
sentences 1-10 with the corresponding feelings/
emotions in the boxes.
1. My wife is very interested in ancient Egypt and when
she discovered we would be visiting the Valley of the
Kings, she was over the moon.
a. absolutely delighted b. totally disinterested
1. I wouldn’t be caught dead wearing a hat like that.
2. Henry woke up late, got a flat tyre on the way to work
and spilt coffee on his shirt during lunch. Getting
stuck in the lift when he was leaving the office was
the last straw!
3. A whole month of cloudy skies and rainy weather has
been making me feel down in the dumps.
4. It was a cold, stormy night with endless peals of
thunder and bright streaks of lightning; at one point
the wind blew the window open and I nearly jumped
out of my skin.
5. Don’t expect Mrs Evans to feel sorry for you because
you had the flu and couldn’t finish your project on
time. She’s hard as nails.
depressed exasperation fear
showing no sympathy shame/embarrassment
6. Amina has been on cloud nine ever since she won the
poetry competition.
7. It makes my blood boil to see people treat animals
with such cruelty.
8. Whenever I go out, my mother wants to know every
single detail about where I’m going, who I’m going
with and how long I’ll be out for, and it really drives
me up the wall.
9. Nasir has been walking on air ever since he got the
scholarship to the London School of Economics.
10. The sound of the wolves howling in the distance sent
chills down my spine.
annoyance fright/horror
happy because something wonderful happened
to cause a feeling of great anger
idioms
grammar
1. u sed to – would – was/were
going to – was/were about to
Read the following examples and answer the
question that follows.
1. There used to be a big park on the site where the
shopping centre is situated.
2. Whenever it was warm and sunny, the children
would go for a leisurely walk in the nearby forest.
3. I was going/about to send him an
e-mail with all the information but he called me at
my office so I told him everything over the phone.
vocabulary
1. When Mansour was younger, he was going for long
walks in the countryside.
2. I would leave for work when I realised I was still
wearing my slippers.
3. She used to eat a lot of chocolate but now she doesn’t
eat any.
4. He was travelling by train whenever he had to go to
London because he didn’t like to drive.
5. There would be a bakery on the corner but it closed
last month.
6. I was about to leaving when the telephone rang.
7. As a child he would always read before going to bed.
8. They used to be walking to school but now they take
the bus.
2. Practice
Read the sentences below. Some of them contain
mistakes. Tick the correct sentences and correct the
mistakes in the others.
vocabulary & grammar
85
1. Discu ss
• What places would you like to travel to? Who with?
• What means of transport do you prefer when you travel?
Student A : What do young people gain from going
to a summer camp in a foreign country?
• fraternity
• education
• recreation
Is there anything you would like to add?
Is there anything you don’t agree with?
Student B : Is it preferable to go on a package holiday
or to travel independently?
• planning
• price
• flexibility
What do you think?
How does this differ in your experience?
make friends experience new cultures
learn new skills gain self-confidence
3. Fu rther discu ssion
• People travel more than they did in the past. Why do you think this is?
• ‘Getting there is half the fun’. How far do you agree with this?
easy access to cheap flights Internet booking
escape the stress of modern life media exposure to other cultures
I agree up to a point...
I can’t say I agree that...
It may be true that... but...
I agree one hundred percent that...
2. Ex pounding on a topic
Talk in pairs. Look at the question and the ideas on the prompt card and say what you think. You can use some of the
words and phrases in the boxes. Then, your partner will briefly respond to the questions that follow.
interact with local people restricted timetable
time-consuming planning issues of safety
86
A. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and eight words, including the word given.
1. Ηasan wasn’t always as lazy as that. be
Ηasan lazy.
2. We waited at our gate for two hours and then they made an announcement that our flight was cancelled. waiting
When they announced that our flight was cancelled, for two hours.
3. I intended to wash the car but then John came over and I never got round to it. about
I but then John came over and I never got round to it.
4. After we had arrived at our destination, I woke up. until
I we had arrived at our destination.
5. When we got to the bus terminal, the last bus had already left. time
The last bus had left to the bus terminal.
6. As a boy Jason was in the habit of biting his nails. would
Jason was a boy.
7. In the middle of our flight to Muscat we heard a funny noise coming from the cockpit. while
We heard a funny noise coming from the cockpit Muscat.
8. I hadn’t tried sushi before and I liked it. time
It was sushi and I liked it.
1. The university was famous for the of its students, who were from all over the world and from very different
backgrounds.
a. diversity b. wealth c. resources d. fluency
2. As the plane approached the airport, the flight instructed the passengers to fasten their seat belts.
a. pilot b. attendant c. agent d. assistant
3. The teacher at the students at the back of the class who wouldn’t stop talking.
a. peered b. glared c. gazed d. glimpsed
4. After work yesterday, we had dinner at Gino’s restaurant as it was walking distance of our office.
a. under b. in c. at d. within
5. Hussein and his family prefer to stay in large hotels that offer a variety of modern for all the family to
enjoy.
a. amenities b. destinations c. resorts d. views
6. At the company, staff are for sick pay after having worked for at least three months.
a. allowed b. reserved c. able d. eligible
7. When going to a job interview, it is important to take care of your , as first impressions count.
a. reference b. appearance c. finances d. description
8. Paris is one of the most popular tourist destinations due to the many tourist it offers to visitors.
a. attractions b. appearances c. palaces d. resorts
B. Choose the word or phrase which most appropriately completes the sentence.
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