تعبير انجليزي عن تزايد السكان
موضوع تعبير عن الزيادة السكانية واضرارها
paragraph about population
the problem of overpopulation
الزياده السكانيه واثرها على المجتمع
برجراف عن التلوث
paragraph about unemployment
تعبير عن عدد السكان ، Population
انفجار سكاني
موضوع تعبير عن الزيادة السكانية باللغة الانجليزية
موضوع تعبير منسق وجاهز للطبع عن " The Problem Of Over ..
موضوع تعبير رائع بعنوان المشكلة السكانية
موضوع تعبير عن الزيادة السكانية واضرارها
المشكلة السكانية واسبابها
الزيادة السكانية فى مصر واثرها على الفرد والمجتمع
تعريف المشكلة السكانية
المشكلة السكانية فى
المشكلة السكانية
تعبير عن زيادة كبيرة مأساوية زيادة
اضرار الزيادة السكانية
اسباب النمو السكاني في العالم
موضوع تعبير الانفجار السكاني
موضوع تعبير عن الزيادة السكانية واضرارها
الزيادة السكانية فى مصر
تعبير عن زيادة كبيرة مأساوية زيادة
الزياده السكانيه
اسباب الزيادة السكانية
المشكلة السكانية واسبابها
تعريف الزيادة السكانية
الزيادة السكانية فى الزياده السكانيه واثرها على
المجتمع
موضوع تعبير عن الزيادة السكانية ومشاكلها
الزياده السكانيه في مصر
ايجابيات الزيادة السكانية
اثر النمو السكاني على التعليم
اصنف بين الاثار الايجابيه والسلبيه للزياده السكانيه
في الجدول التالي
المشكلة السكانية واسبابها
المشكلة السكانية فى مصر
اثر النمو السكاني على البيئه
the problem of overpopulation
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واثرها على الفرد والمجتمع
Overpopulation
is a demographic state characterized by the fact that the number of individuals
of a living species exceeds the carrying capacity of its habitat, that is its
capacity to:
• to provide
the necessary resources to ensure the survival of this species;
• to repair
the aggressions (pollution, disruption of natural ecological regulations)
inflicted by this species on its environment.
This notion
can be envisaged at the level of a territory (which may be local, regional,
national, continental) or planet Earth itself. In this case, the demographic
limits to be taken into account include the safeguarding of global regulatory
processes (regulation of the temperature and chemical composition of the
atmosphere and oceans, rainfall, marine currents, etc.) which tend to keep the
Earth system in a state conducive to life.
The concept
is sometimes applied to the veterinary or livestock (animal population) or to
geographical or social subunits (for example, "prison overcrowding").
This article
focuses on the case of human overpopulation.
The origin
of overpopulation: the demographic transition
The
phenomenon that led to the demographic explosion observed since the eighteenth
century took place in two phases:
• The
previous situation was a situation of equilibrium, characterized by a high
birth rate and a high mortality rate, which resulted in a low natural increase.
This long-term global balance was punctuated by numerous peaks of mortality due
to famines, epidemics or wars; often, these three factors combined, reinforcing
each other. The high birth rate offset both these peaks in mortality and the
high rate of infant mortality.
• First
phase of transition: the mortality rate drops sharply (improvement of food,
hygiene, health progress, industrialization ...) while the birth rate remains
strong or even increases. The natural increase is therefore strong, which means
a rapid growth of the population.
• Second
phase of transition: mortality continues to decline, but more slowly, and the
birth rate is also decreasing by a change in mores adapted to previous
progress. The maximum natural increase is reached at the beginning of this
second phase. Then the birth rate declines more sharply and the rate of
increase of the population is decelerated.
• Modern
demographic regime (post-transition): Birth and death rates stabilize at a low
level. Mortality is roughly equal from one year to the next, and the population
is now regulated by the fluctuating birth rate (during the traditional regime
it was mortality that had this regulating role). Sometimes the rate of natural
increase may become negative, which in turn leads to the aging of the
population and later to a decrease in population. This case is found in a
growing number of countries, mostly in Europe, where the rate of natural
increase is negative: Russia, Germany, Japan, Italy, Ukraine, Romania, etc.
(see the list of these countries in the article Demographic growth).
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