اهمية السياحه بالانجليزي
تعبير عن السياحة بالانجليزي قصير
تعبير انجليزي عن السياحه قصير
جمل عن السياحه
برجراف عن السياحة في بالانجليزي
اهميه السياحه
paragraph about tourism مترجم
برجراف عن بالانجليزى
برزنتيشن عن السياحة بالانجليزي
برجراف عن السياحة بالانجليزي
مقال عن اهم المعالم السياحية
تعبير عن أهمية السياحة
برزنتيشن عن السياحة بالانجليزي
برزنتيشن عن عمان قصير
برجراف عن السياحه مترجم
برزنتيشن عن
سلطنة
معلومات عن
بالانجليزي مترجم
موضوع تعبير عن السياحة في س
تعبير عن عمان قديما وحديثا بالانجليزي
برزنتيشن عن
في الماضي والحاضر
تعبير عن سلطنة
موضوع عن السياحة بالانجليزي قصير
تقرير عن السياحه في بالانجليزي
تعبير
عن السياحة بالانجليزي قصير
اهمية السياحه بالانجليزي
جمل عن السياحه
برجراف عن مصر بالانجليزى
تعبير انجليزي عن السياحه قصير مترجم
paragraph about tourism مترجم
موضوع عن
بالانجليزي قصير
اهميه السياحه
جمل عن
بالانجليزي
تعبير انجليزي عن السياحه قصير
اهمية السياحه بالانجليزي
جمل عن السياحه
تعبير انجليزي عن السياحه قصير مترجم
برجراف عن
بالانجليزى
paragraph about tourism مترجم
مقدمه عن السياحه بالانجليزي
اهميه السياحه
موضوع عن
بالانجليزي قصير
تعبير
انجليزي عن جذب السياح
برجراف عن السياحه سهل
تعبير انجليزي عن السياحه قصير
تعبير عن السياحة بالانجليزي قصير
برجراف عن
بالانجليزى
تعبير عن
بالانجليزي قصير
موضوع عن
بالانجليزي قصير
اهمية السياحه بالانجليزي
جمل عن السياحه
Tourism is one of the
major vectors of international trade and prosperity. Poverty reduction is one
of the most important global challenges. Despite this period of turmoil in the
global economy, these basic assumptions are unlikely to change. The
polarization of wealth to strengthen tourism for the benefit of the most
disadvantaged is an enormous task, but also an opportunity.
THE SPECIAL POSITION
OF TOURISM IN THE REDUCTION OF POVERTY
1. The size and growth
of the sector
In many countries,
tourism acts as a driver of development through savings in foreign exchange and
the creation of direct and indirect employment. Tourism contributes to 5% of
world GDP. It accounts for 6% of world exports of services; it is also the
fourth largest exporter, after oil, chemicals and automotive. Tourism provides
235 million jobs, one in twelve jobs worldwide.
International arrivals
increased by more than 4% from 939 million in 2010 to 982 million in 2011, a
year characterized by a stagnant global economic recovery, numerous political
changes in the Middle East and North Africa, and natural disasters in Japan.
2. The relative
importance of tourism in developing countries
Tourism, in many less
developed and developing countries, is the most reliable option for sustainable
economic development and, for some of these countries, the main source of
savings in foreign exchange. Part of this income favors different groups in
society and, if tourism focuses on poverty reduction, it can directly benefit
the poorest groups thanks to the employment of local populations in tourism
enterprises, the supply of goods and services to tourists, or the creation of
small local community enterprises, etc., with the impact on poverty reduction
levels being positive.
In recent years,
tourism has been characterized by two main trends: the first was the
consolidation of traditional tourist destinations such as Western Europe and
North America; the second was a pronounced geographical expansion. There has
been substantial diversification of destinations and many have experienced a
significant increase in their tourist arrivals. Arrivals to developing
countries accounted for 46% of global international arrivals in 2011. Tourism
has become a major element in the economies of developing countries.
3. Characteristics of
tourism
There are several
characteristics of tourism as a particularly beneficial activity for low-income
countries and their poorest communities. This includes:
• Its particular
strengths. Tourism gives great value to features common to developing
countries, such as warm climate, rich cultural heritage, haunting landscapes,
and abundant biodiversity. These strong features are particularly apparent in
rural areas, to the benefit of tourism and, on the other hand, to the
disadvantage of most other economic sectors.
• Accessibility to the
poor. Tourism is a relatively large sector of labor traditionally trained by
small and micro enterprises. Many tourist activities are particularly dedicated
to women, youth and marginal groups such as ethnic minorities. Many tourist
jobs are easily accessible to the poor because they require low capacity and
small investments. Some jobs may be part-time and thus serve as complementary revenues
to other activities.
• Its interaction. The
various criteria and actions defining the tourism product are so many, inside a
large and diverse supply chain that tourist spending benefiting a wide range of
sectors such as agriculture, crafts, transportation and other activities. In
turn, employees in these sectors, whose incomes are secured through tourism,
benefit other economic sectors (this is a multiplier effect).
• Its links between
consumers and producers. Tourism is an activity that brings the consumer into
contact with the producer. Interaction between tourists and disadvantaged
communities can provide intangible and practical benefits. Cultural,
environmental and economic values promote a growing awareness of the issues,
including the stimulation of local infrastructure investments.
Economic Consequences
Tourism has different
economic consequences for different countries. First, it brings some revenue to
the governments of the targeted countries, but it also contributes to the
development of certain industries, notably in the restaurant and hotel
industry.
Social and Cultural
Consequences
Tourism can create
social-cultural "collateral" effects (loss of identity,
acculturation, prostitution, folklorization of traditional societies,
"consumption of morals", etc.)
Ecological
consequences
There are generally
three types of environmental effects.
نماذج رائعة.
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